Question 1Match the following events in protein synthesisPromptsis the central reaction of protein synthesis, theactual peptide bond-forming stepthe movement of the ribosome one codon down themRNA so that the next codon is positioned in the Asitethe phase in protein synthesis that stops only whenthe ribosome encounters a stop codonspecific ribosome activity that cleaves the peptidylchain from the tRNA carrier in the presence ofrelease factors at the A siteSubmitted AnswersChoose a matchelongationtranspeptidationtranslocationterminationhydrolysis

Protein biosynthesis, also known as protein synthesis, is an essential biological activity that…

Answered: Match the following events in protein…

Biochemistry

6th Edition

ISBN:9781305577206

Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Publisher:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Chapter30: Protein Synthesis

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 10P: The Consequences of Ribosome Complexity Eukaryotic ribosomes are larger and more complex than...

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Question 29 Which of the following statements is true regarding the formylmethionine that serves as the first amino acid in bacterial protein synthesis? A an aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase that is specific for formylmethionine attaches formylmethionine to the tRNA B the formyl group is removed during protein synthesis leaving methionine as the first residue in all bacterial proteins the formyl group donor is N¹0-formyl-tetrahydrofolate (D) the tRNA that carries formylmethionine is the same tRNA for methionine
Question 8 Which statement about N-linked glycosylation is correct? O N-linked oligosaccharides are attached to proteins one sugar at the time in the endoplasmicreticulum. O N-linked sugars are attached to proteins as a 14 residue oligosaccharide during translation in the endoplasmic reticulum. O N-linked sugars are attached to proteins as a 14 residue oligosaccharide during translation inthe cytoplasm. O N-linked sugars are attached to proteins as a 14 residue oligosaccharide after translation inthe Golgi apparatus.
Question 9 Review translation. Which step is not a part of elongation cycle of translation? O binding of small ribosomal unit to MRNA O codon recognition O peptide bind formation O transloation
Question 4 The stages of transcription includes the followings except RNA processing O initiation O elongation O termination
Question 16 What happens when a stop codon is reached by a ribosome? A termination tRNAter binds to the codon and the growing peptide is transferred to it. When the peptidyl-tRNAter A reaches the P site, the ribosome is signaled to release the protein. The ribosome then is likely to dissociate. A termination tRNAter binds to the codon and the growing peptide is transferred to it. When the peptidyl-tRNAter (B) reaches the P site, the ribosome dissociates. A separate peptidyl transferase then releases the protein from tRNAter. A termination tRNAter binds to the codon and is used to release the growing peptide from the P site TRNA. The ribosome then is likely to dissociate. D A release factor binds to the codon and is used to release the growing peptide from the P site tRNA.
QUESTION 4 Suppose you have a length of DNA sequence that corresponds to a complete mRNA open reading frame (coding region) for a protein enzyme (i.e. the region from the translation start codon reading continuously through to the translation stop codon). Which of the following might be a way to help determine if the DNA is from human or E. coli? O A. Examine the translation start codon, it should be only be AUG (ATG) if the DNA is from E. coli. O B. Digest with a restriction enzyme, bacterial DNA should be cut but human DNA should not. O C. Compare the codon usage to E. coli and human codon usage tables. O D. Look for splice sites GT-AG, those should only be present if the DNA is from human. O E. Both B and D
QUESTION 36 Which MRNA would be made if the sequence of the DNA coding strand is GAC? O GAC GTC O GTC O GUC O CUG
QUESTION 8 Which of the following statements about how cells control the size of the poly-A tail on mRNA molecules in order to regulate translation initiation is FALSE? To inhibit translation initiation, a protein called CPEB binds to the CPE sequence on the mRNA. This will then bring in an enzyme called PARN. O If a kinase inhibitor was introduced, then Maskin and PARN would be able to continue to exert their inhibitory effect on translation initiation. To initiate translation, the protein CPEB gets phosphorylated by a specific kinase. This causes a conformational change that excludes both Maskin and PARN. If a kinase inhibitor was introduced, then CPEB would be phosphorylated, so no conformational change would occur. Without Maskin and PARN, the poly-A tail can extend and elF4E and eIF4G can interact with each other to initiate translation. O O O O O
Question 13 Which regions (s) of the DNA are found in the final protein? Introns O Exons UTRs O poly-A tail introns and exons P
Question 23 Which of the following is not part of pre-mRNA processing in eukaryotes? a Addition of a 5’ cap b Excision of introns c Addition of a 3’ poly-A tail d Excision of the promoter
Question 11 Given this MRNA strand: 3' - AUGAGGAAGGUA - 5'; what are the components of the polypeptide? First Position Third Position (3' end) (5' end) U A G UGU Cys UUU Phe UUC Phe UCU Ser UCC Ser UCA Ser UAU Tyr UAC Tyr UAA Stop UAG Stop |U UGC Cys UUA Leu UUG Leu UGA Stop |A UGG Trp U G CGU Arg CGC Arg CGA Arg UCG Ser CAU His САС His CAA Gln CAG Gln CUU Leu CCU Pro U ССС Pro CỤC Leu CỦA Leu CUG Leu CCA Pro A CCG Pro CGG Arg G U AAU Asn AAC Asn AAA Lys AAG Lys GAU Asp GAC Asp GAA Glu GAG Glu AUU Ile ACU Thr АСС Thr ACA Thr ACG Thr AGU Ser AUC Ile A AUA Ile AGC Ser AGA Arg A AUG Met* AGG Arg G GUU Val GGU Gly GCU Ala GCC Ala GCA Ala GCG Ala U GGC Gly GÚC Val G GUA Val GGA Gly |A GUG Val GGG Gly G
QUESTION 13 Which of the following statements about the recognition of the AUG initiation codon in an mRNA is TRUE? O A. In bacterial MRNAS, the ribosome scans from the 5' end and finds the first AUG. It assumes that AUG is the correct initiation codon. B. In bacterial mRNAS, the ribosome recognizes a 'Kozak' concensus sequence located at and around the AUG initiation codon O C. In eukaryotic MRNAS, a sequence called Shine-Delgarno positions the ribosome so that it can find the correct AUG initiation codon. O D. None of these answers are correct. O E. In polycistronic bacterial MRNAS, the ribosome will bind at Shine Delgarno sequences that are just upstream of each of the AUG initiation codons for the different proteins that are encoded by that transcript.

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