In the Impulse and Pairs of Forces lab, the impulse of the applied force acting on an object over a given time interval was given as (image) During the labortory, your found that impulse could also be related to motion in a certain way. Restate that simple mathematical realationship here. You also found a simple mathematical realationship between pairs of forces in certain situations. Restate that realationship here. Put these results together to draw a conclusion comparing the motion of two objects before and after a collision. You should be able to find a quantity, which will remain unchanged in a collision. Be sure to justify your reasoning.

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Helmholtz Free Energy

The Helmholtz free energy is a thermodynamic potential used to calculate the measure of useful work from a closed system. This system is kept at constant temperature and volume. German physicist Hermann Helmholtz introduced this concept in 1882.