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- Example 14.6 The oxygen requirement for cell growth in glueose can be represented by the following equation (Mateles, 1971) 32NC+8(Nh2)+16(No2) Fx/sM +yo2 – 2.67yc + 1.714YN2 – 8y H2 ro2 = In which ro2 is the oxygen required for each gram of cells produced, N stands for no. of atoms present in each molecule substrate, y stands for mass fractions and M is the MW of the substrate. The yeast cell may be considered to be CH1.800.5NO.2. Calculate rO2 if the yield factor (Yx/s) is 0.46g of cells produced for each gram of substrate consumed.One of the steps in psilocybin biosynthesis is the phosphorylation of 4-hydroxytryptamine By the enzyme Psik as shown below, that involves the hydrolysis of ATP. NH₂ OH HO Psik HO of A& ADP 4-hydroxytryptamine ATP norbaeocystin The standard free energy changes for each reaction is shown in the Table below. J reaction 4-hydroxytryptamine + P₁ → norbaeocystin ATP → ADP+ Pi (b) What is the equilibrium constant at 37 °C? AG 27.7 kJ/mol -32.2 kJ/mol (a) Write the net reaction. What is the standard free energy change for the net reaction? (c) In the cell, the concentration of ATP is 3.1 mM, the concentration of P; Is 5.90 mM, and the Concentration of ADP is 220 μM. What will AG Be if the concentration of norbaeocystin Is always kept at 1/100 of the concentration of 4-hydroxytryptamine?The following complex natural product has been biogenetically produced via a pericyclic reaction(s) at the final stage. Can you propose the structure of the precursor? Но H. Me Me OH Me' rol Ме
- The photosynthetic process used by the green sulfur bacteria, under anaerobic conditions, is best represented by which of the following balanced equations? cell bio 6CO2 + 12H2S C6H12O6 + 6S2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + C6H12O6 C12H22O11 + H2O 6CO2 + 12H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O C12H22O11 + H2O C6H12O6 + C6H12O6 C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O 6CO2 + 12H2O16. Complete each of the following reactions in electron transport: CoQ++ FAD 4cyt c (Fe³+) + 4H+ + O₂ 16. Complete each of the following reactions in electron transport: CoQ+ + FAD 4cyt c (Fe³+) + 4H+ + O₂ →→→→4cyt c (Fe²+) + Show Transcribed Text → 4cyt c (Fe²+) +Give the product of this reaction sequence: NH3* Bg-CH3 Bg SH (cobalamin) Adenosyl-S H₂C-NH OH A Adenosyl-O intermediate D HN-CH3 Adenosyl-NH HS SH B ATP O-CH3 PPP₁ H3C-S+ Adenosyl H₂N E Adenosyl-O product OH с NH₂ S-CH3
- Scheme 1: CH3 HNO,/ H,SO, NaOCI CH, HO, CH,OH / H* NO, HNO, / H,SO, NaOC1 OCH HNO,7 H,SO, он но NO2 NO2 CH,OH / H* OCH 3 CH,OH/H* NO2 1. You decide to perform step three of the green pathway first. You start with 1.81 g of the starting material. After the reaction is complete, you weigh 1.18 g of the product, which is a dry solid. What is the percent yield for the third step of the green pathway? Show all of your work!Describe each step of the metabolic pathway shown in the image below. Linoleic Acid Metabolism 18:2n-6, HO. Linoleic Acid 18:3n-6 он Gamma Linolenic Acid 20:3n-6 он Dihomo Gamma Linolenic Acid 20:4n-6 HO, Arachidonic Acid 22:4n-6 но, Docosatetraenoic AcidWhich of the following statement is CORRECT? O Hydrolysis of starch into glucose in an elimination reaction Group transfer reaction is a nucleophilic substitution reaction Conversion of 3-phosphoglycerate to 2-phosphoglycerate is a group transfer reaction Most biochemical reaction occurs via homolytic cleavage Electrophiles are electron-rich, while nucleophiles are electron-deficient
- Write the correct order of the following structures: To select the correct order start from the first steps of the primary metabolite. A В 1 Shikmic acid corismic acid 3 tyrosine 4 para-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid 5 3-deyhydroqunic acid prephenic acid 7 erthrose-4-phosphate 8 photosynthesis 9. CO2 10 cynogenic glycosideExplain the chemical process of the fixation of carbon dioxide (CO2) to an existing carbon chain such as Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase. In your answer be sure to address the following details. which carbon is acting as the electrophile and which carbon is acting as the nucelophile is this process exergonic or endergonic in relation to the G of this reaction which enzyme(s) would be responsible for catalyzing this reaction.guanosine and a water bind in the active site, does not matter in which order. The scissile N-1 glycosidic bond between the anomeric carbon and N9 of the base is broken resulting in an oxocarbenium transition state. The leaving group electrons are not protonated, but instead swing up to form a double bond between N9 and C8. The double bond that is already present on the purine swings out on N7 and is protonated by an active site histidine acting as a general acid. An active site aspartate acts as a general base, and deprotonates the water substrate molecule. The deprotonated water is then free to attack the transition state in a manner that will generate an αribose. Draw the active site and show how the mechanism works. You will need to draw 3 or 4 different active site “snap-shots” to show the entire process. Be sure to clearly show the transition state and how it might be stabilized