1 Temperature And Heat 2 The Kinetic Theory Of Gases 3 The First Law Of Thermodynamics 4 The Second Law Of Thermodynamics 5 Electric Charges And Fields 6 Gauss's Law 7 Electric Potential 8 Capacitance 9 Current And Resistance 10 Direct-current Circuits 11 Magnetic Forces And Fields 12 Sources Of Magnetic Fields 13 Electromagnetic Induction 14 Inductance 15 Alternating-current Circuits 16 Electromagnetic Waves Chapter3: The First Law Of Thermodynamics
Chapter Questions Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 3.1CYU: The paths ABC, AC, and ADC represent three different quasi-static transitions between the... Problem 3.2CYU: Check Your Understanding The quantities below represent four different transitions between same... Problem 3.3CYU: Check Your Understanding Why was it necessary to state that the process of Example 3.5 is... Problem 3.4CYU: Check Your Understanding When 1.00 g of ammonia boils at atmospheric pressure and 330 . its volume... Problem 1CQ: Consider these scenarios and state whether work is done by the system on the environment (SE) or by... Problem 2CQ: Is it possible to determine whether a change in internal energy is caused by heat transferred, by... Problem 3CQ: When a liquid is vaporized, its change in internal energy is not equal to the heat added. Why? Problem 4CQ: Why does a bicycle pump feel warm as you inflate your tire? Problem 5CQ: Is it possible for the temperature of a system to remain constant when heat flows into or out of it?... Problem 6CQ: What does the first law of thermodynamics tell us about the energy of the universe? ` Problem 7CQ: Does adding heat to a system always increase its internal energy? Problem 8CQ: A great deal of effort, time, and money has been spent in the quest for a so-called perpetual-motion... Problem 9CQ: When a gas expands isothermally, it does work. What is the source of energy needed to do this work? Problem 10CQ: If the pressure and volume of a system are given, is the temperature always uniquely determined? Problem 11CQ: It is unlikely that a process can be isothermal unless it is a very slow process. Explain why. Is... Problem 12CQ: How can an object transfer heat if the object does not possess a discrete quantity of heat? Problem 13CQ: Most materials expand when heated. One notable exception is water between 0 and 4 , which actually... Problem 14CQ: Why are there two specific heats for gases Cp and Cv , yet only one given for solid? Problem 15CQ: Is it possible for to be smaller than unity? ` Problem 16CQ: Would you expect to be larger for a gas or a solid? Problem 17CQ: There is no change in the internal of an ideal gas undergoing an isothermal process since the... Problem 18CQ: Does a gas do any work when it expands adiabatically? If so, what is the source of the energy needed... Problem 19P: A gas follows on an isothermal curve, where p is the pressure, V is the volume, b is a constant, and... Problem 20P: A mole of gas has isobaric expansion coefficient dV/dT=R/p and isochoric pressure-temperature... Problem 21P: Find the equation of state of a solid that has an isobaric expansion coefficient dv/dT=2cTbp and an... Problem 22P: A gas at a pressure of 2.00 atm undergoes a quasi-static isobaric expansion from 3.00 to 5.00 L. How... Problem 23P: It takes 500 J of work to compress quasi-statically 0.50 mol of an ideal gas to one-fifth its... Problem 24P: It is found that, when a dilute gas expands quasi-statically from 0.50 to 4.0 L, it does 250 J of... Problem 25P: In a quasi-static isobaric expansion. 500 J of work are done by the gas. If the gas pressure is 0.80... Problem 26P: When a gas undergoes a quasi-static isobaric change in volume from 10.0 to 2.0 L, 15 J of work from... Problem 27P: An ideal gas expands quasi-statically and isothermally from a state with pressure p and volume V to... Problem 28P: As shown below, calculate the work done by the gas in the quasi-static processes represented by the... Problem 29P: (a) Calculate the work done by the gas along the closed path shown below. The curved section between... Problem 30P: An ideal gas expands quasi-statically to three times its original volume. Which process requires... Problem 31P: A dilute gas at a pressure of 2.0 atm and a volume of 4.0 L is taken through the following... Problem 32P: What is the average mechanical energy of the atoms of an ideal monatomic gas at 300 K? Problem 33P: What is the internal energy of 6.00 mol of an ideal monatomic gas at 200 ? Problem 34P: Calculate the internal energy of 15 mg of helium at a temperature of 0 . ` Problem 35P: Two monatomic ideal gases A and B are at the same temperature. If 1.0 g of gas A has the same... Problem 36P: The van der Waals coefficients for oxygen are a=0.138Jm3/mol2 and b=3.18105m3/mol. Use these values... Problem 37P: Find the work done in the quasi-static processes shown below. The states are given as (p, V) values... Problem 38P: When a dilute gas expands quasi-statically from 0.50 to 4.0 L, it does 250 J of work. Assuming that... Problem 39P: In a quasi-static isobaric expansion, 500 J of work are done by the gas. The gas pressure is 0.80... Problem 40P: An ideal gas quasi-statically and isothermally from a state with pressure p and volume V to a state... Problem 41P: As shown below, if the heat absorbed by the gas along AB is 400 J, determine the quantities of heat... Problem 42P: During the isobaric expansion from A to B represented below, 130 J of heat are removed from the gas.... Problem 43P: (a) What is the change in internal energy for the process represented by the closed path shown... Problem 44P: When a gas expands along path AC shown below, it does 400 J of work and absorbs either 200 or 400 J... Problem 45P: When a gas expands along AB (see below), it does 500 J of work and absorbs 250 J of heat. When the... Problem 46P: A dilute gas is stored in the left chamber of a container whose walls are perfectly insulating (see... Problem 47P: Ideal gases A and B are stored in the left and right chambers of an insulated container, as shown... Problem 48P: An ideal monatomic gas at a pressure of 2.0105N/m2 and a temperature of 300 K undergoes a... Problem 49P: Consider the process for steam in a cylinder shown below. Suppose the change in the internal energy... Problem 50P: The state of 30 moles of steam in a cylinder is changed in a cyclic manner from a-b-c-a, where the... Problem 51P: A monatomic ideal gas undergoes a quasi-static process that is described by the function... Problem 52P: A metallic container of fixed volume of 2.5103 m3 immersed in a large tank of temperature 27 ... Problem 53P: A gas in a cylindrical closed container is adiabatically and quasi-statically expanded from a state... Problem 54P: Two moles of a monatomic ideal gas at (5 MPa, 5 L) is expanded isothermally until the volume is... Problem 55P: Consider a transformation from point A to B in a two-step process. First, the pressure is lowered... Problem 56P: Consider a cylinder with a movable piston containing n moles of an ideal gas. The entire apparatus... Problem 57P: An ideal gas expands isothermally along AB and does 700 J of work (see below). (a) How much heat... Problem 58P: Consider the processes shown below. In the processes AB and BC, 3600 J and 2400 J of heat are added... Problem 59P: Two moles of helium gas axe placed in a cylindrical container with a piston. The gas is at room... Problem 60P: An amount of n moles of a monatomic ideal gas in a conducting container with a movable piston is... Problem 61P: The temperature of an ideal monatomic gas rises by 8.0 K. What is the change in the internal energy... Problem 62P: For a temperature increase of 10 at constant volume, what is the heat absorbed by (a) 3.0 mol of a... Problem 63P: If the gases of the preceding problem are initially at 300 K, what are their internal energies after... Problem 64P: Consider 0.40 mol of dilute carbon dioxide at a pressure of 0.50 atm and a volume of 50 L. What is... Problem 65P: When 400 J of heat are slowly added to 10 mol of an ideal monatomic gas, its temperature rises by 10... Problem 66P: One of a dilute diatomic gas occupying a volume of 10.00 L expands against a constant pressure of... Problem 67P: A monatomic ideal gas undergoes a quasi-static adiabatic expansion in which its volume is doubled.... Problem 68P: An ideal gas has a pressure of 0.50 atm and a volume of 10 L. It is compressed adiabatically and... Problem 69P: Pressure and volume measurements of a dilute gas undergoing a quasi-static adiabatic expansion are... Problem 70P: An ideal monatomic gas at 300 K expands adiabatically and reversibly to twice its volume. What is... Problem 71P: An ideal diatomic gas at 80 K is slowly compressed adiabatically and reversibly to twice its volume.... Problem 72P: An ideal diatomic gas at 80 K is slowly compressed adiabatically to one-third its original volume.... Problem 73P: Compare the charge in internal energy of an ideal gas for a quasi-static adiabatic expansion with... Problem 74P: The temperature of n moles of an ideal gas changes from T1 to T2 in a quasi-static adiabatic... Problem 75P: A dilute gas expands quasi-statically to three times its initial volume. Is the final gas pressure... Problem 76P: (a) An ideal gas expands adiabatically from a volume of 2.0103 m3 to 2.5103 m3. If the initial... Problem 77P: On an adiabatic process of an ideal gas pressure, volume and temperature change such that pV is... Problem 78P: Two moles of a monatomic ideal gas such as helium is compressed adiabatically and reversibly from a... Problem 79AP: Consider the process shown below. During steps AB and BC, 3600 J and 2400 J of heat, respectively,... Problem 80AP: A car tile contains 0.0380 m3 of air at a pressure of 2.20105 Pa (about 32 psi). How much more... Problem 81AP: A helium-filled toy balloon has a gauge pressure of 0.200 atm and a volume of 10.0 L. How much... Problem 82AP: Steam to drive an old-fashioned steam locomotive is supplied at a constant gauge pressure of 1.75106... Problem 83AP: A hand-driven tire pump has a piston with a 2.50-cm diameter and a maximum stroke of 30.0 cm. (a)... Problem 84AP: Calculate the net work output of a heat engine following path ABCDA as shown below. Problem 85AP: What is the net work output of a heat engine that follows path ABDA in the preceding problem with a... Problem 86AP: Five moles of a monatomic ideal gas in a cylinder at 27 is expanded isothermally from a volume of 5... Problem 87AP: Four moles of a monatomic ideal gas in a cylinder at 27 is expanded at constant pressure equal to 1... Problem 88AP: Helium gas is cooled from 20 to 10 by expanding from 40 atm to 1 atm. If there is 1.4 mol of... Problem 89AP: In an adiabatic process, oxygen gas in a container is compressed along a path that can be described... Problem 90AP: A cylinder containing three moles of a monatomic ideal gas is heated at a constant pressure of 2... Problem 91AP: A cylinder containing three moles of nitrogen gas is heated at a constant pressure of 2 atm. The... Problem 92AP: Two moles of a monatomic ideal gas such as oxygen is compressed adiabatically and reversibly from a... Problem 93CP: An insulated vessel contains 1.5 moles of argon at 2 atm. The gas initially occupies a volume of 5... Problem 94CP: One mole of an ideal monatomic gas occupies a volume of 1.0102 m3 at a pressure of 2.0105 N/m2. (a)... Problem 95CP: One mole of an ideal gas is initially in a chamber of volume 1.0102 m3 and at a temperature of 27 .... Problem 96CP: A bullet of mass 10 g is traveling horizontally at 200 m/s when it strikes and embeds in a pendulum... Problem 97CP: The insulated cylinder shown below is closed at both ends and contains an insulating piston that is... Problem 98CP: In a diesel engine, the fuel is ignited without a spark plug. Instead, air in a cylinder is... Problem 8CQ: A great deal of effort, time, and money has been spent in the quest for a so-called perpetual-motion...
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Explain why the 3 statements for the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics are equivalent
Science that deals with the amount of energy transferred from one equilibrium state to another equilibrium state.
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