B1. Some economists conducted an accounting exercise to understand why income (GDP) per worker is different across countries (see Table below). Country % of U.S. Worker in 2010 of Schooling Physical Capital Stock per Worker in 2010 Income per Worker If Income per Average Years Technology Were at U.S. Level (5) (1) (3) (4) United States United Kingdom South Korea 82,359 67,025 54,315 54,539 27,625 15,975 12,961 9,010 4,928 3,980 100.0 65.8 87.7 SAME 61,548 74,496 68,684 47,725 35,045 34,881 24,071 21,502 16,818 9,625 13.1 9.8 11.8 10.4 9.1 7.5 8.2 5.1 Spain Mexico Brazil 83.9 33.5 16.9 14.9 8.9 4.2 3.7 China India Ghana 7.1 Afghanistan Dem. Rep. of the Congo 4.2 3.5 628 0.8 How is each column of the table constructed from the data? Based on the table, which country has the highest technology level? Explain your answer. According to the Solow growth model, what is the key mechanism for economic growth? Explain your answer and state the key assumption of the model.

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B1. Some economists conducted an accounting exercise to understand why income (GDP) per
worker is different across countries (see Table below).
Country
Income per
Average Years
% of U.S.
Income per
Worker in 2010 of Schooling Physical Capital
Stock per
Worker in 2010
Worker If
Technology Were
at U.S. Level
|
(1)
(2)
82,359
67,025
54,315
54,539
27,625
15,975
12,961
9,010
4,928
3,980
628
(3)
(4)
100.0
65.8
87.7
83.9
(5)
SAME
61,548
74,496
68,684
47,725
35,045
34,881
24,071
21,502
16,818
9,625
United States
United Kingdom
13.1
9.8
South Korea
11.8
10.4
Spain
Mexico
9.1
33.5
Brazil
China
India
Ghana
Afghanistan
Dem, Rep, of the
7.5
16.9
8.2
5.1
14.9
8.9
7.1
4.2
4.2
3.7
0.8
3.5
Congo
How is each column of the table constructed from the data? Based on the table,
which country has the highest technology level? Explain your answer.
According to the Solow growth model, what is the key mechanism for economic
growth? Explain your answer and state the key assumption of the model.
Using the Solow model and the table above, explain why an increase in the
saving rate can help to improve the productivity in China and India. Explain why this policy
may not be the best policy.
Use the table above to evaluate whether the Solow growth model is a good
model for understanding differences in income per worker across countries.
Some economists argue that the table above might not reflect the true
differences in productivity or the differences in living standards across countries. Explain
their argument.
Transcribed Image Text:B1. Some economists conducted an accounting exercise to understand why income (GDP) per worker is different across countries (see Table below). Country Income per Average Years % of U.S. Income per Worker in 2010 of Schooling Physical Capital Stock per Worker in 2010 Worker If Technology Were at U.S. Level | (1) (2) 82,359 67,025 54,315 54,539 27,625 15,975 12,961 9,010 4,928 3,980 628 (3) (4) 100.0 65.8 87.7 83.9 (5) SAME 61,548 74,496 68,684 47,725 35,045 34,881 24,071 21,502 16,818 9,625 United States United Kingdom 13.1 9.8 South Korea 11.8 10.4 Spain Mexico 9.1 33.5 Brazil China India Ghana Afghanistan Dem, Rep, of the 7.5 16.9 8.2 5.1 14.9 8.9 7.1 4.2 4.2 3.7 0.8 3.5 Congo How is each column of the table constructed from the data? Based on the table, which country has the highest technology level? Explain your answer. According to the Solow growth model, what is the key mechanism for economic growth? Explain your answer and state the key assumption of the model. Using the Solow model and the table above, explain why an increase in the saving rate can help to improve the productivity in China and India. Explain why this policy may not be the best policy. Use the table above to evaluate whether the Solow growth model is a good model for understanding differences in income per worker across countries. Some economists argue that the table above might not reflect the true differences in productivity or the differences in living standards across countries. Explain their argument.
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