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- 1. It is the creation of an offspring by fusion of haploid gametes, male sperm and female eggs, to form a diploid zygote 2. The creation of offspring without the fusion of egg and sperm 3. The development of a new individual from an unfertilized egg 4. The union of egg and sperm, can be external or internal 5. A common opening between the external environment and the digestive, excretory, and reproductive systems in animals. 6. each individual has both male and female reproductive systems 7. Male gonads which produce sperm and testosterone. 8. Three (3) coiled tubes within each testis in which sperm is produced. 9. Tubular storage sac on top of each testis in which sperm mature. 10. The male gamete consists of head, middle piece, and tail. Released during ejaculation.There are 6 major events in fertilization. Discuss the process of fertilization or conception, with emphasis on the sperm-egg interaction. Proteins on the sperm plasma membrane bind to ZP3 molecules within the zona pellucida of the egg. Why is this event important? Zona binding triggers the acrosome reaction, in which the sperm plasma membrane fuses with the outer acrosomal membrane, causing exocytosis of acrosomal contents. What is in the "acrosomal content"? Acrosomal enzymes begin to dissolve a hole in the zona pellucida. This enzymatic degradation, accompanied by rapid sperm tail beating, moves the sperm through the zona. Where does the sperm intend to reach?A: Why do sea urchins have external fertilization? [Discuss the life style of the developing sea urchin embryo in the water column compared to a very different ecological niche of the adults on the ocean floor. Besides, would you want to give live birth to a sea urchin! ouch!] 2: Then why don't the parents take care of the young? [In fact the adults do in a way. After the embryo has grown large enough and metamorphosed into a young urchin they hide in the spines of the adults, living off of the scraps of food produced from the messy eating of the adults] 3: Because the urchin life involves two or more ecological niches, they are more susceptible to predation and exposure to environmental toxins. What environmental conditions, predators and toxins might they be exposed to at each stage?
- Order the events leading to the sperm's nucleus fusing with the egg's nucleus. Question 1 options: sperm's nucleus is released into the egg's cytoplasm sperm burrows through the orona radiata sperm's nucleus and egg's nucleus fuse sperm's cell memrbane fuses with egg's cell membrane sperm's acrosome enzymes burrows through the zona pellucida the zona pellucida changes so that any new sperm's acrosome cannot burrow through the zona pellucidaThere are 6 major events in fertilization. Discuss the process of fertilization or conception, with emphasis on the sperm-egg interaction. Egg-binding proteins on the sperm cell surface bind to molecules on the egg cell membrane. What happens to the chromosomes of the sperm and egg? The sperm cell membrane fuses with the egg plasma membrane, allowing the sperm nucleus and centriole to enter the egg cytoplasm. What is the purpose/role of the centriole during fertilization? The final event would be when the egg and sperm pronuclei migrate toward each other in preparation for syngamy. What is the purpose of reproduction?1 3. Enzymes are important during the process of fertilization. What would be the anticipated consequences if the level of acrosin was low or non-existent in the acrosome? 5. The Sperm would not be able to break through the protective coat on the egg (zona pellucida). meaning the sperm are unable to fertilize anegg 4. The morula contributes to a layer that becomes the embryo and to cells that become the placenta. What are the names of these structures? Illustrate and label these layers/structures. What is the name of the outer cell layer of the blastocyst and what does it give rise to? Does this layer contribute to the development of the embryo? 6. Explain the origins of the blastocyst cavity and what purpose does it serve? 7. Describe implantation of a blastocyst using simple, labeled diagrams.
- Using information from the Web or other resources, describe the rare birth defect lissencephaly. Which stage of embryonic development (cleavage, gastrulation, neurulation, organogenesis, etc) would be related to this condition? Answer in 2 paragraphs.1. Identify and discuss the fate of three germ layers. 2.Give and explain the stages in life cycle of an organism. Note: answer number 1 and number 2. Thank youWhich of the following stages of the fertilization process stimulates completion of meiosis II in the oocyte’s nucleus? A. The sperm nucleus and egg nucleus combine to form the genetic material of the zygote B. Sperm release enzymes to digest the protein layer of the secondary oocyte C. The entry of a sperm into the secondary oocyte D. The swimming of sperm from the vagina, through the uterus, and up to an oviduct
- 1. What do you notice to the embryos at their earliest stage? 2. Observe the embryos from their earliest stage to their middle stage. What significant change did you notice from its earliest stage to its middle stage? 3. Observe the embryos from their earliest stage to their advanced stage. What significant change did you notice from their earliest stage to their advanced stage? note: please refer to the pictures below 1st row-earliest stage 2nd row-middle stage 3rd row-advanced stage I need help please, only 1-2 sentence each. Thank you!1. Meiosis is called reduction division. Explain why and where the reduction occurs and how this changes ploidy? (2) 2. A mutation has occured in the DNA segment responsible for the G2/ M Checkpoint. if this mutation occured in a cell that was destined for the production of sperm, would it have any affect on potential offspring? (2) 3. What are the major differences between the events of mitosis and meiosis? (3)Describe the similarities and the differences between oogenesis and spermatogenesis. Provide enough detail in your answer and use specific vocabulary words.