analyze and critique the article below and identify what Ethical Principles had been violated in the case? Expound your idea in exactly 50 words.
analyze and critique the article below and identify what Ethical Principles had been violated in the case? Expound your idea in exactly 50 words.
AN `IMPERFECT HISTORY' OF RESEARCH MISCONDUCT IN MEDICINE
Stephen Lock in his `imperfect history' of research misconduct in medicine dates the beginning of the modern story to 1974. William Summerlin from the Sloan-Kettering Institute in New York, one of the world's leading biomedical research centres, claimed to have transplanted human corneas into rabbits. He also faked transplantation experiments in white mice by blackening patches of their skin with a pen; an extraordinarily crude form of forgery. Eventually, Summerlin's misconduct could no longer be ignored, but his behaviour was attributed to a mental health problem. This is a response that is seen repeatedly. It is a form of scientific denial.
John Darsee worked in the department of cardiology at Harvard and was observed falsifying data. His boss, Eugene Braunwald, an eminent cardiologist, decided that this misconduct was an isolated incident and so did not fire him. A few months later, however, it became clear that results he had obtained in a study being conducted in several places were very different from those of the others. An investigation was started and went back to when he was an undergraduate. Many of his more than a 100 studies proved to be fraudulent and had to be retracted.
Case after case followed, but scientists were slow to respond. Eventually politicians became involved—because much of the fraudulent research had been funded with public money—and after many bitter battles between scientists and politicians the Federal Office of Research Integrity was founded.
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