A power plant taps steam superheated by geothermal energy to 558 K (the temperature of the hot reservoir) and uses the steam to do work in turning the turbine of an electric generator. The steam is then converted back into water in a condenser at 305 K (the temperature of the cold reservoir), after which the water is pumped back down into the earth where it is heated again. The output power (work per unit time) of the plant is 125 megawatts. Determine (a) the maximum efficiency (as a decimal number between zero and one) at which this plant can operate and (b) the minimum amount of rejected heat that must be removed from the condenser every twenty-four hours.

Q: In a steam generator, a 4.7 m3 of water enters at a velocity 15m/s , 750 kpa and Internal energy of…

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Q: Calculate the net work output (in J) of a heat engine following path ABCDA in the figure, where V1 =…

A: Write the given values from the diagram.

Q: The heat transferred in a thermodynamic cycle of a system consisting of four processes are…

A: Given the processes constitute a cycle.For a cyclic process the system comes back to the initial…

Q: *96. D Heat flows from a reservoir at 373 K to a reservoir at 273 K through a 0.35-m copper rod with…

A: Given data: The temperature of the reservoir 1 is T1=373 K. The temperature of the reservoir 2 is…

Q: 3. Air flows steadily at the rate of 0.5 kg/s through an air compressor, entering at 7m/s speed, 100…

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Q: If 10 kJ of thermal energy is added to the system and 10 kJ of work is done by the system, what…

A: The thermal equilibrium depends upon the temperature of the bodies ket in contact with each other.…

Q: A heat engine exhausts 9800 J of heat while performing 3000 J of useful work.

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Q: Suppose a heat engine is connected to two energy reservoirs, one a pool of molten aluminum (660°C)…

A: Given data The temperature of the molten aluminum is Tm_Al = 660°C The temperature of the solid…

Q: Which one of the following law of thermodynamics states that energy can be converted from one form…

A: The first law of thermodynamics, is also known as the law of conservation of energy.

Q: An engineer claims to have measured the characteristics of a heat engine that takes in 100 J of…

A: The expression for the ratio of the temperatures is,

Q: An ideal, or Carnot, heat pump is used to heat a house to a temperature of 294 K (21 °C). How much…

A: Given:-          Out door temperature = 273 K         House temperature = 294 K

Q: Carnot refrigerator extracts heat from a freezer at -5.00°C and exhausts it at 25°C. How much work…

A: Given T1 = 25 0 C = 25+273 = 298 K T2 = 273 -5 = 268 K Heat extracted Q2 = 1 J

Q: A pot containing 3.80 kg of water is sitting on a hot stove, and the water is stirred violently by a…

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Q: Calculate the net work output (in J) of a heat engine following path ABCDA in the figure, where V, =…

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Q: A gasoline engine takes in 1.61×104 J of heat and delivers 3700 J of work per cycle. The heat is…

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Q: 42) During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absorbs 230 J of heat from the freezer and expels…

A: Given, Heat absorbed = 230 J Heat expelled = 356 J Work input in each cycle is given by = Heat…

Q: Air with an initially at P1= 940 KPa, T1= 900K and V1= 0.15 m3, expands in reversible adiabatic…

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Q: Which of the following processes would be a violation of the second law of thermodynamics? (There…

A: The second law of thermodynamics states that the total entropy of an isolated system can never…

Q: 3000 J of heat are added of an ideal gas. Find the internal energy of the ideal gas if the work done…

A: Since work is done by gas, it's sign will be negative. W = -400J Since heat is given to the system,…

Q: A block (4 kg) starts from rest and slides down a frictionless ramp #1 of height 9 m. The block then…

A: Since you have posted multiple parts we will solve the first three parts for you, kindly post the…

Q: A 2.00 L container of left-over soup at a temperature of 323 K is placed in a refrigerator. Assume…

A: The container's volume is V = 2 Lt = 2 x 10-3 m3 The temperature of the left-over soup is Th = 323 K…

Q: If the plant operates at 50.0% of its maximum efficiency and its power output is 1.23 × 108 W, at…

A: The given data are: TH=540 KTL=313 KQH=1.23×108 W Here, TH is the higher temperature, TL is the…

Q: A heat engine having an efficiency of 0.20 takes in 2000 J of energy from the hot reservoir in one…

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Q: Work of 2000 J is done on an ideal gas, but the internal energy increases by only 1700 J. What is…

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Q: 9.The heat exhausted to the heat sink by a gasoline heat engine of a SUV is twice the mechanical…

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Q: In a cyclic process, a heat engine absorbs 600 J of heat from a heat source, does work, and ejects…

A: The efficiency of a heat engine is, η=WQinη=Qin-QoutQin Here, Qin is the heat absorbed and Qout is…

Q: model steam engine of 1.00 kg mass pulls eight cars of 1.00 kg mass each. The cars start at rest and…

A: First law of thermodynamics assigns that the change in internal energy of a system is equal to the…

Q: Air with an initially at P1= 940 KPa, T1= 900K and V1= 0.15 m3, expands in reversible adiabatic…

A: Given: At the initial state  P1=940 kPa, T1=900 K, and V1=0.15 m3. The process is adiabatic. The…

Q: During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absorbs 230 J of heat from the freezer and expets 356…

A: Given: The heat absorbed by the refrigerator from the freezer is 230 J. The amount of heat expelled…

Q: Air flows steadily at a rate og 0.5 kg/s through an air compressor, entering at 7 m/s, 100 kPa of…

A: Air flow rate through the compressor,  m' = 0.5 kg/s  velocity of air at the inlet to compressor ,…

Q: When one gallon of gasoline is burned in a car engine,1.19x108J of internal energy is released.…

A: The amount of heat   Q=-1.0×108 J Change in internal energy is  ΔU=-1.19×108 J There is a loss of…

Q: A Carnot engine requires 40kJ/s from the hot source. The engine produces 20kW of power and the…

A: Please see the answer below.

Q: The Bodø NATO base in northern Norway uses a heat pump to extract heat from ocean water. 7.0°C ocean…

A: Given Data: The final temperature of the ocean water is, T2=7°C The initial temperature of the ocean…

Q: A gas undergoes isobaric process with a constant pressure of 2000 Pa. If the heat of 800 J is added…

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Q: A Carnot heat pump is used to heat and maintain a residential building at 22°C. An energy analysis…

A: Given : TH = 22°C = 22 + 273 = 295 K Q = 2500 kJ/h°C  TL = 4°C = 4 + 273 = 277 K

Q: Suppose a heat engine is connected to two energy reservoirs, one a pool of molten aluminum (660°C)…

A: Given Temperature of the aluminum source TC = 660oC Temperature of the mercury sink TH = -38.9oC…

Q: A Carnot engine performs work at the rate of 450 kW while using 950 kcal of heat per second. If the…

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Q: What is the change in internal energy of a system that takes in 4.53 x 106 ) of heat, and does 4.50…

A: The amount of heat transfer by a system can be given as, Q=Qin-Qout=4.53×106 J-8.67×106 J=-4.14×106…

Q: Air flows steadily at the rate of 0.5 kg/s through an air compressor, entering at 7 m/s speed, 100…

A: Given: m˙=0.5kg/s, v1=7m/s, P1=100×103Pa, V1=0.95m3/kg, v2=5m/s, P2=700×103Pa, V2=0.19m3/kg,…

Q: A heat engine does 4.6 × 107 J of work when supplied 8.9 × 107 J. What is its efficiency?

A: The efficiency be given as, Where, W be defined as work. Q be defined as the heat supplied.

Q: A block (4 kg) starts from rest and slides down a frictionless ramp #1 of height 7 m. The block then…

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Q: A Carnot engine performs work at the rate of 490 kW while using 890 kcal of heat per second. If the…

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Q: A gasoline engine has a power output of 180 kW. Its thermal efficiency is 0.28. How much heat must…

A: Write the given values with suitable variables. Pout=180 kWη=0.28 Here, Pout denotes the output…

Q: In a cyclic process, heat transfers are + 14.7 kJ, – 25.2 kJ, – 3.56 kJ and + 31.5 kJ. What is the…

A: we know that in a cyclic process  net change in internal energy will be zero. and net work will be…

Q: C. How much ice can the engine melt from its exhaust after it has done 5.5 ✕ 104 J of work? (The…

A: GIVEN: Temperatures T1=170+273=443 K T2=21+273=294 K Work W=5.5(104) J  L=3.33(105) J

Q: A heat engine does 8.1 × 107 J of work when supplied 10.9 × 107 J. What is its efficiency?

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Q: What is the maximum efficiency of a heat engine if its operating temperatures are 560°C and 360°C?…

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First law of Thermodynamics

The word thermodynamics consists of two words: thermo- and dynamics. Dynamics means the study of motion. The field of thermodynamics is all about the study of the movement of heat. In a more meaningful way, it is stated as the study of the transfer of energy. Energy transfer is something that we encounter in day-to-day life. Automobiles, chemical reactions, refrigerators, and power generators work on the basis of thermodynamic principles.