A nucleus that captures a stray neutron must bring the neutron to a stop within the diameter of the nucleus by means of the strongforce. That force, which "glues" the nucleus together, is approximately zero outside the nucleus. Suppose that a stray neutron with aninitial speed of 1.1 × 10' m/s is just barely captured by a nucleus with diameter d = 1.5 × 1014 m. Assuming that the strong force on theneutron is constant, find the magnitude of that force. The neutron's mass is 1.67 x 1027 kg.%3DNumberUnits

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Answered: A nucleus that captures a stray neutron…

Modern Physics

3rd Edition

ISBN:9781111794378

Author:Raymond A. Serway, Clement J. Moses, Curt A. Moyer

Publisher:Raymond A. Serway, Clement J. Moses, Curt A. Moyer

Chapter2: Relativity Ii

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 18P

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One of the end stages of stellar life is a neutron star, where matter collapses and electrons combine with protons to form neutrons. Some liken neutron stars to a single gigantic nucleus. Calculate the radius in meters of a neutron star with a mass 3.34 x 1030 kg, treating it as a giant nucleus. Consider the mass of a nucleon 1.675 x 10-27 kg. Your answer should be in the form of N x 104 years.
In symmetric fission, the nucleus of uranium (238U) splits into two nuclei of palladium (119Pd). The uranium nucleus is spherical with a radius of 7.4×10−15m. Assume that the two palladium nuclei adopt a spherical shape immediately after fission; at this instant, the configuration is as shown in the figure attached. The size of the nuclei in the figure can be calculated from the size of the uranium nucleus because the nucleus material maintains a constant density (the initial nuclear volume equals the final nuclear volume). a) Calculate the electric energy of the uranium nucleus before fission. b) Calculate the total electric energy of the palladium nuclei in the configuration shown in the figure, immediately after fission. Take into account the mutual electric potential energy of the two nuclei and also the individual electric energies of the two palladium nuclei by themselves. c) Calculate the total electric energy a long time after fission when the two palladium nuclei have moved…
In symmetric fission, the nucleus of uranium (238U) splits into two nuclei of palladium (119Pd). The uranium nucleus is spherical with a radius of 7.4×10−15m. Assume that the two palladium nuclei adopt a spherical shape immediately after fission; at this instant, the configuration is as shown in the figure attached. The size of the nuclei in the figure can be calculated from the size of the uranium nucleus because the nucleus material maintains a constant density (the initial nuclear volume equals the final nuclear volume). a) Calculate the electric energy of the uranium nucleus before fission. b) Calculate the total electric energy of the palladium nuclei in the configuration shown in the figure, immediately after fission. Take into account the mutual electric potential energy of the two nuclei and also the individual electric energies of the two palladium nuclei by themselves. c) Calculate the total electric energy a long time after fission when the two palladium nuclei have moved…
A 212^Bi (bismuth) nucleus undergoes alpha decay, resulting in a 208^Tl (thallium) nucleus and a 4^He (helium) nucleus as per the following reaction: 212^Bi →208^ Tl + 4 ^He The masses of each nucleus is listed in the table below. Given that the bismuth atom was at rest before the reaction, if the resulting thallium nucleus is traveling 3.3 × 10^5 m/s, how fast is the helium nucleus traveling?
To estimate the mass mn of neutron Chadwick directed beam of projectile neutrons all having the same velocity at two different targets of hydrogen and nitrogen. The projectile neutrons after hitting the target nuclei made them to recoil. Answer the following questions. (a) If the maximum recoil speeds of the targets are denoted by vy and VN then show that PN-PH mn = Where PN and Py are momenta of the targets. (b) Assume the measured speeds of the targets were vy = 3.3 × 10’m/s, vN = 4.7 × 106 m/s. Using these data estimate the value for mn
A stationary nucleus of Po-204 (mass = 204 amu) undergoes alpha decay. Show that, as a result of ejecting alpha particle (He-4: mass = 4 amu), the daughter nucleus recoils with a speed equal to 2% that of the alpha particle.
In a neutron star, gravity causes the electrons to combine with protons to form neutrons. A typical neutron star has a mass half that of the sun, compressed into a sphere of radius 20 km. If such a neutron star contains 6.0 × 1056 neutrons, calculate its density in grams per cubic centimeter.Compare this with the density inside a 232Th nucleus, in which 142 neutrons and 90 protons occupy a sphere of radius 9.1 × 10-13 cm. Take the mass of a neutron to be 1.675 × 10-24 g and that of a proton to be 1.673 × 10-24 g.
An iron nail has a mass of 15.0 g. What is the energy (in Joules) that would be required to break all the iron nuclei into their constituent protons and neutrons? Ignore the energy that binds the electrons to the nucleus and the energy that binds one atom to another in the structure of the metal. For simplicity, assume that all the iron nuclei are 56 Fe (atomic mass = 55.934 939 u).
During fission in nuclear power plants, uranium-235 can be used as radioactive material to produce energy. One shoots a neutron at the uranium nucleus, which then splits into two daughter nuclei plus three neutrons according to the reaction Suppose that a certain nuclear power plant splits 4.3% of all uranium nuclei in its reactors according to the formula and that it emits a total output of 3.8 GW. How long does it take for the nuclear power plant to consume 1 kg of uranium?
-Write an expression for the conservation of momentum in the y direction, taking upwards as positive. -Write the correct equation from below for θTh. -Find the numerical value of θTh in degrees. You may assume that the mass of these particles is the number of nucleons (4 or 238) times the mass of a proton, 1.673 × 10-27 kg. -Write an expression for the speed of the thorium nucleus in terms of sin(θTh).
where 1 eV = 1.602 × 10-19 J. Express the neutron’s kinetic energy in electron volts. b) In nuclear physics, it is convenient to express the energy of particles in electron volts (eV), 2) A neutron with a mass of 1.7 × 10-27 kg passes between two points in a detector 6 m apart in a time interval of 1.8 x 10-4 s. In the tendon at this pon a) Find the kinetic energy of the neutron in joules
c) The equation below describes the disintegration of a polonium nucleus into a lead nucleus and an alpha-particle. During the reaction energy Q is released. 210Po → He +²02Pb+Q 84 82 Calculate the loss of energy during the reaction. The masses in the atomic mass unit u are as follows: 210 206 Po= 209.98287 u, Pb = 205.97446 u and He = 4.002604 u. 84 82 You may assume that 1u is equivalent to 931 MeV. d) The lead nucleus recoils in the opposite direction to the emitted alpha particle conserving momentum. Hence calculate: i) The ratio of the recoil nucleus and alpha particle velocities ii) The kinetic energy distribution of these products.

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