5. Predict the organic products of the following nucleophilic substitution reactions, all of which are carried out in polar aprotic solvent. Identify the nucleophile, electrophile, and the leaving group. Predict the mechanistic pathway this reaction will follow. Explain why? S¯Na+ +
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- Predict the products/intermediates of the following nucleophilic substitution reactions. ... NaN3 Ph acetone intermediate DCM, rt (2 products) Br PHSH (2 products) OBoc PhMgBr CuBr OMeFor the given Sy2 reaction, draw the organic and inorganic products of the reaction, and identify the nucleophile, substrate, and leaving group. Include wedge-and-dash bonds and draw hydrogen on a stereocenter. :CEN Organic product Inorganic product + Draw the organic product. Draw the inorganic product. IncorrectFor the given SN2 reaction, draw the organic and inorganic products of the reaction, and identify the nucleophile, substrate, and leaving group. Include wedge-and-dash bonds and draw hydrogen on a stereocenter. Hmm.. CEN + CI Organic product Inorganic product
- 5a) Draw the product(s) of the reaction shown below. Additionally, identify the nucleophile, electrophile and leaving group.Determine whether the following reaction is an example of a nucleophilic substitution reaction: O" Molecule A + NO₂ Molecule B NO₂ + HWhat is the rate-determining step in the mechanism of an electrophilic substitution reaction of benzene? Select one: OA. Attachment of the electrophile to benzene ring. OB. Bonding of catalyst to electrophile precursor. O C. Reformation of acid catalyst. OD. Formation of the electrophile. OE. Loss of H+ ion form arenium ion intermediate to reform aromatic ring.
- Alcohols are acidic in nature. Therefore, a strong base can abstract the acidic hydrogen atom of the alcohol in a process known as deprotonation. The alcohol forms an alkoxide ion by losing the proton attached to the oxygen atom of the hydroxyl ( -OH) group. The alkoxide formed can act as a base or a nucleophile depending on the substrate and reaction conditions. However, not all bases can abstract the acidic proton of alcohols and not all alcohols easily lose the proton. Deprotonation depends on the strength of the base and the acidity of the alcohol. Strong bases, such as NaNH2, can easily abstract a proton from almost all alcohols. Likewise, more acidic alcohols lose a proton more easily. Determine which of the following reactions would undergo deprotonation based on the strength of the base and the acidity of the alcohol. Check all that apply. ► View Available Hint(s) CH3CH,OH + NH3 →CH,CH,O-NH CH3 CH3 H3C-C-H+NH3 → H3 C-C-H OH O-NH CH3CH2OH + NaNH, → CH3CH,O-Na* + NH3 CHC12 Cl₂…Draw the neutral organic starting material. The Hint: The reaction conditions support electrophilic addition of Br2 to an alkene's C=C double bond, which would normally yield a dibromo product. However, the product has only one bromine atom, with a C–O bond on the adjacent carbon. This fragment is diagnostic for a halohydrin, where an oxygen nucleophile (water or alcohol) reacts with a bromonium intermediate to generate the O–CH2CH2–Br motif. Work backwards to determine what the starting material must look like. There should be an alcohol and an alkene in the neutral organic starting material.In an E2 mediated elimination reaction of an alkyl halide (H-X) using NaOCH3 as base, which of the following statement is not true? O The reactivity order for alkyl halides (RX) is tertiary secondary> primary. O The rate of reaction = k2 (alkyl halide] [NaOCH₂] O The reaction occurs in a single step. O The rate is independent of the leaving group.
- The reactants, intermediates, final products, and all curved arrows showing bonds forming andbreaking are collectively referred to as the mechanism of a reaction. For the following reactants: a. Explain why the original statement of Markovnikov’s rule does not help in this case, but themodern restatement of Markovnikov’s rule tells you which carbon will get the X (Cl). b. Show the mechanism of the most likely addition reaction between the reactants.3) Any compound or ion with at least one lone pair can be considered a base and/or a nucleophile. The relative basicity and nucleophilicity of the species is one of the most important factors that determine the mechanism of a reaction on sp³-carbon atoms. Please show an example of a) a reagent that is a strong nucleophile and a strong base, b) a reagent that is a weak nucleophile and a strong base, c) a reagent that is a strong nucleophile and a weak base, d) a reagent that is a weak nucleophile and a weak base. Which nitrogen atom in the structure below is most nucleophilic? Please explain by discussing the electron density around each nitrogen atom. Show at least three resonance structures of the compound. N.2. Draw the structures and explain why CH3CH₂O and CH3CO₂ are good nucleophiles but CH3SO3, water, and alcohols (R-OH) are poor nucleophiles. Propose a 'cutoff' for the amount of negative charge needed to be a good nucleophile. CH3CH₂O CH3CO₂ CH3SO3 H₂O CH₂OH