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- (a) What is a monomer? (b) Which of these molecules canbe used as a monomer: ethanol, ethene (also called ethylene),methane?10a. Why each polymer gives a different melting temperature, Tm?(a) As CdSe particles decrease in size below 10 nm, would band gap increase or decrease? Would the emission wavelengths of CdSe particles become blue-shifted or red-shifted with decreasing particle size? (b) Give the polymerization product of ethylene (CH2=CH2). 6.
- Explain briefly why the tendency of a polymer to crystallize decreases with increasing molecular weight7. The polymer polystyrene can be drawn in its long form in the two ways shown below. Circle/highlight the repeating motif in this polymer. (See Question 13.3 on page 394 for an example of this type of problem.) H H H C -C ·C C fuluhun H H H H H H H C C H H H C6H5 C H H H C C C6H5 C6H5 H C6H5 C C6H5 H H C C C H H C6H5 H C -CH₂-CH-CH₂-CH-CH₂-CH-CH₂-CH-CH₂-CH-CH₂-CH-CH₂-CH-CH₂- H C6H5(d) Crystalline polyethylene has a density of 1000 kg m³ and amorphous polyethylene a density of 865 kg m3. Calculate the volume fraction crystallinity of a sample of branched polyethylene which has a density of 900 kg m. Why is the crystallinity of this sample so low?
- The structure shown is an example of a type of macromolecule (carbohydrate, lipid, protein, or nucleic acid) that is an important biological polymer. Identify the type of macromolecule shown, the type of monomer it is made from, how you came to your conclusion and the general types of important biological functions of this type of macromolecule in the cell. 0=210 + OCH₂ NH₂ OH OH(5) One of Prof Cunningham's former students wrote his doctoral dissertation about a new technology to clean up soil contaminated by certain types of chemicals. One of the chemicals we tested in the lab was 1,2,4,5-tetrachlorobenzene (TECB). (a) Draw the chemical structure of 1,2,4,5-tetrachlorobenzene. (b) When we started working on the project, we thought maybe TeCB would be de- stroyed according to first-order kinetics, but we weren't sure. Below are two tables of actual data that the student collected in the laboratory. The two data sets were collected under different experimental conditions. For each of the two experiments, determine if the disappearance of TeCB is zero-order, first-order, second-order, or something else. Specify the value of the rate constant (ko, k1, or k2, as appropriate). Be sure to give the right units of k! Table 1: Concentration of TECB vs. time, experiment 1 time (min) Conc. (mg/L) 10 20 30 45 5.0 2.93 2.06 0.61 0.28 0.057 Table 2: Concentration of TECB…(a) Describe the difference between thermoplastic and thermosetting polymers. (b) How are the stiffness, strength, elongation and toughness of polymers evaluated in a quantitative manner? (c) Compare and contrast the physical properties and mechanical behavior of typical polymers in the following classes of materials: (i) flexible plastics (ii) rigid plastics (iii) fibers (iv) elastomers
- (3) The unit cell length of NaCl is 5.63 Å. Determine the density of NaCl.Polymers do not crystallise easily because:a) they are long chain moleculesb) they contain covalent bondsc) the molecules are interconnected with H-bonding1. Nylon 6-6 is a condensation polymer. The last two experiments have pointed out that "condensation reactions are extremely common among a variety of organic functional groups." Pick two appropriate functional groups (your choice) and draw structures to show the condensation reaction between them. Identify the functional groups that are reacting, as well as the linkage formed by the condensation.