IB-CHAPTER-2

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IB12e tif 03 - Test bank and notes for international business international business (جامعة الإسراء (Jordan)) Scan to open on Studocu Studocu is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university IB12e tif 03 - Test bank and notes for international business international business (جامعة الإسراء (Jordan)) Scan to open on Studocu Studocu is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university Downloaded by K60 Nguy?n Th? Thanh Hà (k60.2113253003@ftu.edu.vn) lOMoARcPSD|11098674

CHAPTER 3 The Political and Legal Environment Multiple Choice Questions STUDY QUESTION 1: What is the individualistic orientation and how does it influence how governments intervene in the economy? 1. Generally, one can assess a political system in terms of two related dimensions. These are the degree to which a political system emphasizes ideas of democracy versus and totalitarianism as well as the degree to which it emphasizes the ideals of ________. a. communities versus collectives b. liberalism versus pluralism c. individualism versus democracy d. individualism versus collectivism (d; p. 101; Application; Moderate) 2. Which of the following refers to a belief in a limited role of government and a series of checks and balances to essentially separate government from business? a. collectivistic b. individualistic c. communitarian d. guarded (b; p. 101; Application; Moderate) 3. The principle that an individual has the freedom to pursue his or her interest, even at the risk of threatening the common good, is called ________. a. socialism b. totalitarianism c. individualism d. collectivism (c; p. 101; Application; Easy) {AACSB: Reflective Thinking} 4. Proponents of the ideal of ________ argue that individual rights should be sacrificed for the good of the majority. a. socialism b. capitalism c. collectivism d. individualism (c; p. 102; Application; Moderate) {AACSB: Reflective Thinking} 53 Downloaded by K60 Nguy?n Th? Thanh Hà (k60.2113253003@ftu.edu.vn) lOMoARcPSD|11098674

STUDY QUESTION 2: What is the collectivist orientation and how does it influence how governments intervene in the economy? 5. In a country that emphasizes collectivism, ________. a. the interests of the individual are more important than the interests of the state b. one person or political party exercises absolute control over the political and economic systems c. the needs of society and the needs of individuals are treated as equally important d. the needs of society take precedence over individual freedoms (d; p. 102; Application; Moderate) {AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity} 6. Select from the following types of philosophical orientations that which champions the idea that the right of an individual or business to do something may be restricted because it threatens the common welfare of society. a. liberalism b. socialism c. collectivism d. individualism (c; p. 101; Concept; Easy) 7. Political systems based on the ________ paradigm, such as those of Japan and China, promote the principle that government may intervene to ensure that business practices benefit society. a. individualistic b. collectivistic c. freedom d. community (b; p. 101; Concept; Easy) {AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity} 8. Managers commonly assess political systems in terms of two related dimensions. One concern is the emphasis given to the ideas of democracy versus totalitarianism. The other concern looks at the degree to which a country emphasizes the ________. a. ideas of individualism versus collectivism b. ideas that are individualistic versus representative c. ideas that stress the common good of communities versus collectives d. ideas that are liberal versus pluralistic (a; p. 101; Application; Moderate) 54 Downloaded by K60 Nguy?n Th? Thanh Hà (k60.2113253003@ftu.edu.vn) lOMoARcPSD|11098674

STUDY QUESTION 3: What is a political ideology? 9. Although there are different views about the purpose of a political system, most analysts agree that an essential task of a political system is to ________. a. integrate the different elements of a society into a functioning unit b. allocate scarce resources among competing users c. develop reasonable attitudes and outlooks within the population d. protect individuals within the country from foreign threats (a; p. 100; Concept; Moderate) 10. In a practical sense, the term political system is meant to signify the ________. a. organization of military power in a country b. working government in a country c. philosophical orientations in a country d. cultural values in a country (b; p. 100; Concept; Easy) 11. The system primarily used to integrate the different facets of society into a workable, functioning unit is the ________. a. economic system b. legal system c. political system d. market system (c; p. 100; Concept; Easy) 12. A (n) ________ ideology is the system of ideas that expresses the goals, theories, and aims of a country’s political program. a. technological b. economic c. legal d. political (d; p. 102; Concept; Easy) STUDY QUESTION 4: What are the fundamental features and elements of a democracy? 13. Which of the following best describes a pluralistic society? a. Multiple segments of society adhere to the same political philosophy. b. There are only two dominant political parties. c. Different ideologies are held by different segments of society. d. Different ethnic groups belong to the official political party. (c; p. 102; Concept; Easy) {AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity} 55 Downloaded by K60 Nguy?n Th? Thanh Hà (k60.2113253003@ftu.edu.vn) lOMoARcPSD|11098674

14. _____ refers to a political system in which government is organized by and accountable to the people. a. Totalitarianism b. Fascism c. Socialism d. Democracy (d; p. 103; Concept; Easy) 15. In a representative democracy, ________. a. the extent of personal freedoms varies by class structure b. citizens are involved in the political decision-making process c. pluralistic ideologies are prohibited d. political rights are viewed differently by different groups (b; p. 103; Concept; Moderate) 16. In a democracy, ________. a. citizens have the right to participate in the decision-making process b. the opportunity to truly participate in the political process is restricted to a select few c. the court system is directly supervised by the political system d. the rights of the individual cannot be suppressed for the benefit of the greater society (a; p. 103; Concept; Moderate) STUDY QUESTION 5: What are the fundamental features and elements of a totalitarian system? 17. In a totalitarian political system, ________. a. political power resides with the citizens of the country b. governments direct most economic activity but few social ones c. an individualistic outlook shapes political debate and policy formation d. one agent has the authority to participate in the political decision-making process (d; p. 105; Concept; Easy) 18. _____ is a form of government in which a single agent, whether an individual, group, or party, monopolizes political power and exercises control over day-to-day spheres of human activity. a. Collectivism b. Democracy c. Totalitarianism d. Individualism (c; p. 105; Concept; Easy) 56 Downloaded by K60 Nguy?n Th? Thanh Hà (k60.2113253003@ftu.edu.vn) lOMoARcPSD|11098674

19. Totalitarianism is a political ideology that involves elimination of dissent within the system. Methods used by totalitarian governments commonly include which of the following? a. propaganda and persecution b. constructive conflict c. a free press d. open access to foreign information (a; p. 105; Concept; Moderate) 20. An emergent form of totalitarianism such as we see to a considerable degree in modern- day China, Russia, Egypt, and Iran generally grants individuals some degree of ________ but restricts individuals’ ________ on the grounds that the latter tends to create social and civil unrest. a. social rights ; economic liberty b. cultural liberties ; political integrity c. economic freedom ; political freedom d. forms of expression ; economic freedom (c; p. 105: Application; Moderate) {AACSB: Analytic Skills} STUDY QUESTION 6: What are the types of a totalitarian political system? What differentiates them from each other? 21. The four major forms of totalitarianism are ________. a. authoritarian, fascist, secular, and theocratic b. democratic, liberal, theocratic, and fascist c. secular, communal, decentralized, and multiparty d. communist, theocratic, social, and authoritarian (a; p. 107; Concept; Moderate) 22. A secular totalitarian government is a ________. a. dictatorship established by a religious group b. system in which individuals elect an elite group of leaders to make decisions for the society as a whole c. dictatorship that is established without any affiliation to religious groups or ideologies d. system in which all resources and production are managed by the government (c; p. 107; Concept; Moderate) 23. An authoritarian form of totalitarianism as seen to a large degree in modern day China generally permits individual _____ but restricts individual political freedom on the grounds that the latter would lead to the rise of social and civil unrest. a. forms of expression b. cultural liberties c. social rights d. economic freedom (d; p. 111; Concept; Moderate) 24. A political system that uses the power of the state to merge and forcibly control all aspects of the business environment is known as _________. a. Fascism 57 Downloaded by K60 Nguy?n Th? Thanh Hà (k60.2113253003@ftu.edu.vn) lOMoARcPSD|11098674

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