Foundations in Microbiology
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781259705212
Author: Kathleen Park Talaro, Barry Chess Instructor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 8.4, Problem 19ELO
19. Explain what is meant by the term fermentation and how fermentation is used by natural biological systems and
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Explain the meaning of fermentation from the standpoint ofbiotechnology.
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27. All of the chemical reactions of a specific organism that result in the synthesis of ATP and supply C for biosynthesis. :
a) anabolism
b) catabolism
c) intermediary metabolism
d) metabolism
Chapter 8 Solutions
Foundations in Microbiology
Ch. 8.1 - 1. Define metabolism and differentiate its two...Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 2ELOCh. 8.1 - 3. outline the prominent characteristics of...Ch. 8.1 - 4. Explain how enzymes lower the energy required...Ch. 8.1 - 5. Discuss enzyme structure, and interactions...Ch. 8.1 - 6. Describe the types of enzyme functions and...Ch. 8.1 - 7. Summarize key features of enzyme regulation.Ch. 8.1 - 1. Differentiate between catabolism and anabolism...Ch. 8.1 - 2. Describe 10 important biochemical properties of...Ch. 8.1 - 3. Describe the chemistry of enzymes, and explain...
Ch. 8.1 - 4. Show diagrammatically the interaction of...Ch. 8.1 - 5. Differentiate among the chemical composition...Ch. 8.1 - 6. Summarize the direct and indirect controls that...Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 8ELOCh. 8.2 - 9. Describe biological oxidation-reduction and...Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 10ELOCh. 8.2 - 7. Explain how oxidation of a substrate proceeds...Ch. 8.2 - 8. Refer to the blue redox equation for...Ch. 8.2 - 9. In the following redox pairs, which compound is...Ch. 8.2 - 10. a. Describe the roles played by ATP and NAD+...Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 11CYPCh. 8.2 - 12. What is meant by the concept of the “final...Ch. 8.3 - 11. Relate the main points of bioenergetics and...Ch. 8.3 - 12. Describe the main catabolic pathways and their...Ch. 8.3 - 13. Define glycolysis and explain its input and...Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 14ELOCh. 8.3 - 15. Describe the components of the respiratory...Ch. 8.3 - 16. Explain the chemiosmotic mechanism of ATP...Ch. 8.3 - 17. Summarize the results of aerobic respiration.Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 18ELOCh. 8.3 - 13. Describe the basic energy strategies of...Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 14CYPCh. 8.3 - 15. Outline the basic steps in glycolysis,...Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 16CYPCh. 8.3 - 17. What is the fate of NADH in a fermentative...Ch. 8.3 - 18. Summarize the chemiosmotic theory of ATP...Ch. 8.3 - 19. Haw many ATPs could theoretically be formed...Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 20CYPCh. 8.3 - 21. Name the sources of oxygen in bacteria that...Ch. 8.3 - 22. What are the final electron acceptors in...Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 23CYPCh. 8.4 - 19. Explain what is meant by the term fermentation...Ch. 8.4 - 20. Describe some of the processes of fermentation...Ch. 8.4 - 24. What adaptive advantages does a fermentative...Ch. 8.4 - 25. Describe three patterns of fermentation...Ch. 8.5 - 21. Explain how cells perform anabolic functions...Ch. 8.5 - 22. Identify major pathways where molecules can be...Ch. 8.5 - 23. Briefly describe several mechanisms in...Ch. 8.5 - 26. What is meant by amphibolism, and what are its...Ch. 8.5 - Prob. 27CYPCh. 8.5 - 28. Which macromolecules are synthesized by...Ch. 8.6 - 24. Outline the general reactions of...Ch. 8.6 - 25. Describe the pigment systems and how they...Ch. 8.6 - 26. Describe the main events in the...Ch. 8.6 - 27. Describe the main events in the...Ch. 8.6 - 29. Indicate whether each of the following is...Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 30CYPCh. 8.6 - 31. What are the functions of chlorophyll and the...Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 32CYPCh. 8.6 - 33. Compare oxygenic with nonoxygenic...Ch. 8.L1 - 1. ______ is another term for biosynthesis. a....Ch. 8.L1 - Prob. 2MCQCh. 8.L1 - 3. An enzyme ___________ the activation energy...Ch. 8.L1 - 4. An enzyme a. becomes part of the final products...Ch. 8.L1 - 5. An apoenzyme is where the ___________ is...Ch. 8.L1 - 6. Many coenzymes contain a. metals b. vitamins c....Ch. 8.L1 - 7. To digest cellulose in its environment, a...Ch. 8.L1 - 8. Energy in biological systems is primarily a....Ch. 8.L1 - 9. Energy is carried from catabolic to anabolic...Ch. 8.L1 - 10. Exergonic reactions a. release potential...Ch. 8.L1 - Prob. 11MCQCh. 8.L1 - Prob. 12MCQCh. 8.L1 - Prob. 13MCQCh. 8.L1 - 14. Fermentation of a glucose molecule has the...Ch. 8.L1 - Prob. 15MCQCh. 8.L1 - Prob. 16MCQCh. 8.L1 - 17. The FADH2 formed during the Krebs cycle enters...Ch. 8.L1 - 18. The proton motive force is the result of a....Ch. 8.L1 - Prob. 19MCQCh. 8.L1 - Prob. 20MCQCh. 8.L1 - 21. The oxygen produced by photosynthesis comes...Ch. 8.L1 - Prob. 22MCQCh. 8.L1 - Prob. 1CSRCh. 8.L1 - Prob. 2CSRCh. 8.L1 - Prob. 3CSRCh. 8.L1 - Prob. 1WCCh. 8.L1 - 2. Give the general name of the enzyme a. converts...Ch. 8.L1 - 3. Explain what is unique about the actions of ATP...Ch. 8.L1 - Prob. 4WCCh. 8.L1 - 5. Describe four requirements required for...Ch. 8.L1 - Prob. 6WCCh. 8.L1 - Prob. 7WCCh. 8.L1 - Prob. 8WCCh. 8.L2 - 1. Use the following graph to diagram the...Ch. 8.L2 - 2. Explain what is meant by the “biochemical...Ch. 8.L2 - 3. Explain how it is possible for certain microbes...Ch. 8.L2 - 4. Suggest the advantages of having metabolic...Ch. 8.L2 - 5. Two steps in glycolysis are catalyzed by...Ch. 8.L2 - 6. Beer production requires an early period of...Ch. 8.L2 - 7. What would be the expected pHs of the matrix...Ch. 8.L2 - 8. At which site in the mitochondrion and...Ch. 8.L2 - Prob. 9CTCh. 8.L2 - Prob. 10CTCh. 8.L2 - 1. From chapter 7. figure 7.11 (reproduced below)....Ch. 8.L2 - 2. Look at the two figure parts (a) and (b) from...
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- 1. Given the following words (Anaerobic respiration, Fermentation, Aerobic respiration), make a short explanation on how the given words connect to each other using the concepts in microbial metabolism. Answer this comprehensively.arrow_forward• 11. We know that yeast can ferment glucose. Why is it important to include glucose among the carbohydrates tested? 12. Why is it important to include a tube with water instead of carbohydrate? • 13. From the results of your experiment, what carbohydrates can be fermented by yeast? What enzymes does yeast need to do this? (Be very specific.) • 14. From the results of your experiment, what carbohydrates cannot be fermented by yeast? Why can't these carbohydrates be fermented? (Be very specific.) 15. What is the purpose of staining yeast with methylene blue? Briefly explain how it works.arrow_forward1.Discuss industrial fermentation. 2.Discuss the factors that affect the rate of fermentation.arrow_forward
- *Completely explain both types of Fermentation?arrow_forward26. All of the chemical reactions of a specific organism that result in the synthesis of biological molecules and employ ATP as a source of energy: a) anabolism b) catabolism c) intermediary metabolism d) metabolismarrow_forwardDescribe in detail 2 different types of fermentationarrow_forward
- • From the figure below, identify the missing initial reactants and final products by filling in the blanks of items 1 to 5. Kindly answer based on the order of numbers and must be separated by commas (e.g. 1. Glucose, 2. Succinate, 3. O2, 4. Malate, 5. ATP). Glycolysis and Fermentation reactions INITIAL FINAL REACTANTS GLYCOLYSIS PRODUCTS Glucose ADP ATP NAD+ NADH + 1 Pyruvate FERMENTATION REACTIONS Pyruvate 3 4 Lactate or Lactate or alcohol alcohol + 5 Answer:arrow_forward22- Which of these statements is false regarding metabolism in general? a) oxidation can be defined as a loss of electrons b) during photosynthesis, hydrogen atoms are transferred from sugar to O2 c) potential energy is the sum of kinetic energy and heat energy d) autotrophs such as Cyanobacteria and Algae are able to produce their own organic molecules 23-Among these statements about unicellular organisms, either prokaryotes or eukaryotes, which one is true? a) Gram stain is used to categorize Gram + and Gram - in Archaebacteria b) no fungal Protist is parasitic c) Protozoa are related to Animals in their mode of nutrition d) Euglena have a cell wall made up of peptidoglycans 24-Which of these events does not take place in a thylakoid? a) reduction of a certain coenzyme b) ATP production c) release of a sugar molecule d) oxidation of chlorophyll 25-Which of these statements about the factors that influence enzyme activity is true? a) pepsin is a gastric enzyme. Its…arrow_forward9) What is a metabolic pathwaarrow_forward
- 25. All of the chemical reactions conducted by a specific organism: a) anabolism b) catabolism c) intermediary metabolism d) metabolismarrow_forward1. List three general uses for industrial fermentation ethanol.arrow_forward1. Differentiate the traditional fermentation and modern fermentation in terms of their application, process or procedure, advantages and disadvantages, vintage variance, food pairing and nutritional value.arrow_forward
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