Core Skill: Connections In what other context have you learned about positive feedback? Refer back to Figures 51.9 and 51.11 for help.
Figure 51.9 The ovarian and uterine cycles in a human female. The ovarian cycle is divided into the follicular and luteal phases. The uterine cycle is divided into menstruation and the proliferative and secretory phases.
Figure 51.11 Hormonal control of parturition. Birth relies on neural signals from the uterus and maternal hormones that act on the uterus. In response to sensory neural input arising from the push of the fetus on the cervix, the maternal posterior pituitary releases oxytocin into the blood, which stimulates uterine smooth muscle contractions. The secretion of prostaglandins by the uterus also increases the strength of the contractions. Sensory receptors in the uterus detect the more forceful contractions and signal the mother's posterior pituitary to secrete more oxytocin, thus completing a positive feedback loop that further strengthens the contractions.
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Biology
- irections: Read each statement or question below carefully and fill in the blank(s) with the correct answer. 1 Refers to the series of changes that occur in sexually mature, non-pregnant formales which culminates into menses. 2. The secretos a hormone that stimulates the egg cells in the ovaries to grow 3. High level of progesterone produces .a hormone associated with anxiety and stress. _4. It is the abitity to become fertile or to produce an offspring _5. A system that consists the brain and the spinal cord. 6. It consists of 10 billion neurons that control everything a person does, such as thoughts, movernents, memory, and sense 10arrow_forwardMale and Female Reproduction, Fertilization, and Development Try NOT to use your slides! Word Bank: Reproduction Reproductive System Sperm Menstruation Fertilization Testes Blastula Cervix Penis Eggs Urethra Prostate gland Cleavage Vagina Uterus Scrotum Vas deferens Semen Fetus Zygote Differentiation Ovaries Hormones are proteins that are made in one part of the body that affect the activities in another part of the body. The is the baglike structure that holds the testes and epididymis. The is the organ that sperm passes through as it leaves the body. are thin tubes that the sperm travel through as they pass from the epididymis to The the penis. are the organs that produce and store millions of sperm. is a structure located inside the penis that carries urine and sperm to the In males, the outside of the body. is the fluid that transports sperm cells. are female reproductive cells. are male reproductive cells, while The or birth canal is the muscular tube leading from the external…arrow_forwardDirections: Arrange in correct order the development of human embryo from fertilization until birth. Write the number from 1 to 6 in the box provided. ON: Blastocyst continues its journey down the fallopian tube until it reaches the uterus for implantation. The union of the sperm and the egg cell forming a zygote. Embryo begins to differentiate. The zygote travels down the fallopian tube while undergoing several mitotic divisions. When an embryo reaches the 8th week until birth, it is now referred to as a fetus where it remains in the mother's womb. The blastocyst cells form an inner and outer cell layer of the embryo and will later on develop other structure like the placenta. The formation of different cell layers (gastrulation).arrow_forward
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- What's More Activity 2.1 Concept Map Directions: Fill in the concept map of the important events in sequence during the menstrual cycle by writing the numbers in the box. 1. The egg moves through the oviduct and enters the uterus. 2. The ovary releases an egg on day 14. 3. The pituitary releases hormones that cause the egg in the ovay to mature. 4. The cells of the thickened uterus break off and leave the vagina. 5. The egg has not been fertilized; therefore, it will not attach to the uterus. 6. The ovary itself releases a hormone called estrogen, which causes the uterus to become thicker.arrow_forwardState and explain 5 effects of tobacco smoking by a pregnant mother on the foetus development. (400 words) Identify and explain 5 disadvantages of In vitro fertilisation (IVF) as an intervention to have a baby. (400 words) Why is breast feeding in the first 3month of a baby very important? (200 words) Higher animals undergo sexual reproduction despite its complexity, why. Give 5 reasons. (400 words) Describe five changes that occur in a flower after fertilisation. (200 words)arrow_forwardRecall what you learned in class about the experiments that examined the effect of early treatment with hormones on adult reproductive behavior. Match the following behavioral outcomes with each of the manipulations in the questions below. Each answer may be used more than once. An XY animal is castrated (gonadectomized) at birth and treated with testosterone the same day and the next day. What reproductive behavior, if any will this animal show when treated with testosterone as an adult? An XY animal is castrated (gonadectomized) at birth and treated with estradiol the same day and the next day. What reproductive behavior, if any will this animal show when treated with estradiol and progesterone as an adult? An XX animal is not surgically manipulated, but is treated with testosterone on the day of its birth and the day…arrow_forward
- What's More Activity 2.1 Concept Map Directions: Fill in the concept map of the important events in sequence during the menstrual cycle by writing the numbers in the box. 1. The egg moves through the oviduct and enters the uterus. 2. The ovary releases an egg on day 14. 3. The pituitary releases hormones that cause the egg in the ovary to mature. 4. The cells of the thickened uterus break off and leave the vagina. 5. The egg has not been fertilized; therefore, it will not attach to the uterus. 6. The ovary itself releases a hormone called estrogen, which causes the uterus to become thicker.arrow_forwardIn the process of spermatogenesis, each cell undergoes meiosis II, resulting in the production of two cells. • View Available Hint(s) primary spermatocyte, secondary spermatocyte early spermatid, sperm secondary spermatocyte, sperm secondary spermatocyte, early spermatid spermatogonium, primary spermatocyte Submit O O O OOarrow_forwardselect ALL that are TRUE about sperm:☑️Meiosis is suspended twice in sperm development; meiosis of sperm is completed when the sperm penetrates an egg ☑️Both the activity of sperm flagella, and the contraction of uterine muscles, are required to propel sperm to the egg in a timely fashion ☑️Each of the four sperm formed by one meiotic event is genetically unique and haploid ☑️ Sperm secrete testosterone which stimulates sustentacular cells to help their development\arrow_forward
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