Biology
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781260487947
Author: BROOKER
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 15.3, Problem 1CC
DNA Repair
Concept Check: Which components of the NER system are responsible for removing the damaged DNA?
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Application/ Analysis
Explain how the anti-parallel structure of DNA predicts its replication mechanism.
Identify the major and minor groove of DNA and explain why they are there.
Differentiate between semiconservative, conservative, and dispersive replication.
Interpret a diagram of a bi-directional replication fork and correctly determine strand polarity and fork direction.
Macmillan Learning
What factors promote the fidelity of replication during synthesis of the leading strand of DNA?
removal of the RNA primers between Okazaki fragments by DNA polymerase I
breaks that occur in the leading strand are repaired by DNA ligase
prevention of mismatched nucleotides at the replication fork by topoisomerase
removal of wrongly inserted nucleotides by the 3'-exonuclease activity of DNA polymerase III
Watson-Crick base pairing between the template and leading strand
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Chapter 15 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 15.1 - Consequences of Mutations Concept Check: Based on...Ch. 15.1 - Prob. 2CCCh. 15.2 - Prob. 1EQCh. 15.2 - Prob. 2EQCh. 15.2 - Prob. 3EQCh. 15.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 15.3 - DNA Repair Concept Check: Which components of the...Ch. 15.3 - Why is this person so sensitive to sunlight?...Ch. 15.4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 15.4 - Prob. 2CS
Ch. 15.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 15.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 15.4 - Prob. 4CCCh. 15 - Prob. 1TYCh. 15 - Prob. 2TYCh. 15 - Prob. 3TYCh. 15 - Prob. 4TYCh. 15 - Prob. 5TYCh. 15 - The Ames test a. provides a way to determine if...Ch. 15 - Xeroderma pigmentosum a. is a genetic disorder...Ch. 15 - Prob. 8TYCh. 15 - Prob. 9TYCh. 15 - Prob. 10TYCh. 15 - Prob. 1CQCh. 15 - Prob. 2CQCh. 15 - Prob. 3CQCh. 15 - Prob. 1COQCh. 15 - Distinguish between spontaneous and induced...
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- Transduction: Describe the process of generalized transduction as a type of horizontal transfer. In your response be sure to address the following:a. What is the role of the bacteriophage (bacterial virus) is in this scenario?arrow_forwardDNA Olympics (warm up) Name Caitlin MYers Period DIRECTIONS: Complete each of the following “events" in their proper order. In the first event, you must transcribe the proper RNA sequence from the DNA sequence provided. In the next event, you must translate the RNA strand that you have just created and use it to create the proper string of AMINO ACIDS and, eventually, the proper PROTEIN'. When your protein is completed, the final event is to match your protein with its proper trait (ex: tongue rolling). 1. A TGCATGCGCGACTG GGG TC GGAGTGGarrow_forwardQuestion: Explain how epigenetic marks and genomic imprinting are related. Provide a drawing to illustrate your point.arrow_forward
- Mutation: Thiamine Dimers A. what is a mutagen or cellular process that leads to this mutation? B. If the nucleotide excision repair pathway is not functional, is there another pathway or mechanism for preparing this mutation? if so, what is the pathway/mechanism? C. what is the consequence of this mutation if it is not repaired before DNA is replicated to make the next generation of cells?arrow_forwarda. Propose three different mutations to prevent initiation, elongation, and termination of bacterial DNA replication, respectively. Explain how/why each mutation would prevent its respective step. (Hint: mutations can be in genes that encode proteins or regulatory DNA sequences) b. In the early 1900s, Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty performed an experiment in bacterial cells to determine whether DNA, RNA, or protein functions as the 'transforming molecule' (i.e. the genetic material). In your own words, how did their experiment (depicted in the figure below) help to answer that question?arrow_forwardReplication:- what other enzymes are involved in the initiation phase?- explain the role of primers in this phase- how is the building of the leading strand different from that of the lagging strand?arrow_forward
- OR b. Discuss the structure of the replication fork and every protein used (include their specific functions) during DNA replication of a prokaryotic organism.arrow_forwardQ. What kinds of forces hold the double strands of a DNA double helix together?arrow_forwardDirection: On the worksheet, all the DNA sequences run from 3' to 5'. Supply the corresponding amino acid base on the DNA sequence provided per item. Determine the type of mutation and explain its effect on the expression of amino acids. 1. DNA Sequence: TAC TCC GGC TCT CCC AGT TGA ACT inim Mutated Sequence: TAC TCG GCT CTC CCA GTT GAA CT Original Amino acid: Mutated Amino Acid: What mutation have occurred in the sequence? How does it affect the expression of amino acids? 2. DNA Sequence: TAC TCC GGC TCT CCC AGT TGA ACT Mutated Sequence: TAC TCT GGC TCT CCA AGT TGA ACT ww mm Original Amino acid: Mutated Amino Acid: What mutation has occurred in the sequence? How does it affect the expression of amino acids?arrow_forward
- nd 2 minutes): Any RNA polymerase in any organism: O A Synthesizes RNA chains in the 3 to-5" direction O B. Binds tightly to a reqion of DNA located thousands of base pairs away from the transcobed rogion of the DNA OC Has proofreading activity O D. Separates DNA strands throughout a long region of DNA (up to tinousands of base pairs) and then copies one of them. OE Has a subunit called A (lambda), which acts as a proofreading ribonuclease OF. Can initiate synthesis of a new RNA chain without a primerarrow_forwardVISUAL SKILLS If the DNA pol I in a given cell werenonfunctional, how would that affect the synthesis ofa leading strand? In the overview box in Figure 16.17,point out where DNA pol I would normally function onthe top leading strand.arrow_forwardHome Work: • Suppose you perform a PCR that begins with one double-strand of the following DNA template: +5' -СТАССТСCGGGTTGACTGСТАССТТССССGGATGCCCAAAAТТСТСGAG-3— :::::::::::: :::::::::::: :::: +3'-GATGGACССССААСТGACGATGGAAGGGCCCТАССGGTTTTAAGAGCTC-5'+ A. Draw one cycle of PCR reaction below the following diagram. B. Label the template DNA, the primers, and what is happening at each step. (1) température cycle #1arrow_forward
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