Which of the following is NOT a useful function of the gut microflora? a. regulating the development of the gut b. supporting the growth of pathogenic bacteria c. training the immune system d. fermenting unused energy substrates
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| a. |
regulating the development of the gut
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| b. |
supporting the growth of pathogenic bacteria
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| c. |
training the immune system
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| d. |
fermenting unused energy substrates
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- The main function of the mucus in the stomach is to _____. a. trap and kill ingested microorganisms b. enzymatically degrade complex nutrients c. protect epithelial cells from the acidified environment d. protect the microbiota from corrosive gastric juices e. delay the digestive process to maximize absorption.Gut commensal bacteria are beneficial to animal nutrition including humans. For non-fermenting animals such as humans, select the answer that describes the greatest benefit of gut microflora on nutritional physiology. Select one: a. Absorption of carbohydrates b. Removal of water c. Production of some types of essential vitamins such as biotin and vitamin K d. Generation of gases necessary for proper eliminationWhich of the following best describe the function of goblet cells in the digestive tract? A. produce mucus that protects parts of the digestive organs from the effects of powerful enzymes needed for food digestion B. secrete buffers in order to keep the pH of the digestive tract close to neutral C. provide protection against invading bacteria and other disease-causing organisms that enter the digestive tract in food D. absorb nutrients from digested food and store them for future use
- Which of the following is not typically considered a defense against infection within the Gl tract? a. keratinized layer of cells C. secretory IgA b. mucous coat d. continuous passage of cellsWhich of the following does NOT have a normal flora? A. cerebrospinal fluid B. mucosal lining of the nose C. urethra D. salivaWhich of the following is (are) a function(s) of saliva? A. providing antibacterial action B. increasing the pH of the mouth cavity C. providing amylase for starch digestion D. providing lubrication for the mouth and esophagus E. All of the above answer choices correctly answer the question.
- Which one of the following is not a function of the liver? A. Regulation of blood sugar B. Enzyme activation C. Detoxification D. Reproduction24. The stem cells in the gut epithelium are located…. A. as a dispersed population of ISCs throughout the epithelium. B. Islet of Langerhans C.in the Crypts of LieberKuhn D. in the submucosa of the intestine E. none of theseResearchers have developed mouse models for autism. In an experiment, they introduced Bacteroides fragilis into these mice. Which of the following was a result of this experiment? a.Epithelial barrier integrity was weakened b.Serum metabolites were reduced c.Gut microbiota remained unchanged d.Some autism-related behaviors were minimized
- Which of the following might be true of an individual unable to synthesize and secrete intrinsic factor? a. They would be unable to absorb adequate amounts of vitamin B12. b. They would be unable to digest lactose found in dairy products. c. They would be unable to absorb amino acids in the small intestine. d. They would be unable to digest and absorb triglyceridesA rumen is a stomach... A. That contains hard materials and serves as a muscular mill to break up food B. That contains oxyntopeptic cells for the production of acid and pepsinogen (pepsin) C. That houses anaerobic microbes to metabolize cellulose D. That functions in the absorption of nutrients E. None of the abovethe primary function of mitchondria is a. formation of proteins b. making ATP c. burning ATP to provide body heat d. producing carbon dioxide