Which of the following is false? Group of answer choices With a pericentric inversion, there is no loss in genetic material. Haploinsufficiency is caused by a duplication event causing increased expression of a gene. An effect of aneuploidy is that it changes the dosages of some genes. Pseudodominance indicates that one of the homologous chromosomes has a deletion. Sterility is a possible effect of autopolyploid

Which of the following is false? Group of answer choices With a pericentric inversion, there is no loss in genetic material. Haploinsufficiency is caused by a duplication event causing increased expression of a gene. An effect of aneuploidy is that it changes the dosages of some genes. Pseudodominance indicates that one of the homologous chromosomes has a deletion. Sterility is a possible effect of autopolyploid

Name: Which of the following is false?Group of answer choicesWith a pericent
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Description: Which of the following is false?Group of answer choicesWith a pericentric inversion, there is no loss in genetic material.Haploinsufficiency is caused by a duplication event causing increased expression of a gene.An effect of aneuploidy is that it ch

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)

9th Edition

ISBN:9781285866932

Author:Lauralee Sherwood

Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood

Chapter20: The Reproductive System

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 11RE

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Consider a diploid organism that follows the XX-XO mode of sex determination. Normally, there are 7 chromosomes in its somatic cell. The chromosomal composition is as follows: Chromosome I is a large acrocentric chromosome Chromosome II is a large telocentric chromosome Chromosome III is a small telocentric chromosome Chromosome IV (X chromosome) is a medium submetacentric chromosome Aneuploidy was observed in a particular individual wherein there are three copies of Chromosome III. Illustrate the source of aneuploidy if it occurs in Meiosis I. Diagram spermatogenesis starting with the primary spermatocyte up to spermatozoa, making sure to distinguish between chromosomes and the different phases of meiosis I (prophase I*, metaphase I, anaphase I, telophase I). Indicate the respective chromosome equation and chromosome number of the primary spermatocyte, secondary spermatocyte, spermatid, and spermatozoon.
Chromosomal abnormalities can interfere with pairing and segregation of homologous chromosomes in meiosis and so lead to infertility problems and unbalanced mutations in gametes. In which of the following do problems occur only when homologous regions recombine, instead of during the simple pairing and segregation of homologous chromosomes? Group of answer choices Paracentric inversions Robertsonian translocations Translocations Odd multiples of autopolyploidy Allopolyploidy with differing n numbers of chromosomes
Consider a diploid organism that follows the XX-XO mode of sex determination. Normally, there are 7 chromosomes in its somatic cell. The chromosomal composition is as follows: Chromosome I is a large acrocentric chromosome Chromosome II is a large telocentric chromosome Chromosome III is a small telocentric chromosome Chromosome IV (X chromosome) is a medium submetacentric chromosome Aneuploidy was observed in a particular individual wherein there are three copies of Chromosome III. Diagram how aneuploidy may occur through Mitosis starting from a parent cell at G1 phase. Make sure to distinguish between chromosomes and the following phases of cell division (G1 phase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis). Indicate the chromosome equation and chromosome number of the parent cell and the daughter cells. *S phase and G2 phase purposefully excluded
What processes are responsible for the generation of genetic variation during meiosis, and at what point in meiosis does each occur? Random alignment and separation of homologs that takes place during metaphase I and anaphase I, respectively. Independent assortment of homologous that takes place during anaphase II. Crossing over of non-sister chromatids that take place during prophase I. Replication of DNA during the S phase.
Which of the following statements is true regarding the phenotypic effects of inversions? Select ALL that apply. Heterozygotes are often healthy individuals because these mutations do not impact the dosages of any genes Heterozygotes often exhibit reduced fertility, because translocated and wild-type chromosomes do not separate correctly during meiosis II Homozygotes are often healthy individuals because these mutations do not impact the dosages of any genes Heterozygotes often exhibit reduced fertility, because crossing over between inverted and wild-type chromosomes in Meiosis I results in inviable gametes Heterozygotes often exhibit reduced fertility, because crossing over between inverted and wild-type chromosomes in Meiosis Il results in inviable gametes
Refer to the following illustration to answer the question. short repeated DNA sequences long chromosome gene O mitosis of somatic cells O meiosis of somatic cells gene O mitosis of germ cells O meiosis of germ cells O meiosis of either somatic or germ cells gene X MISALIGNMENT UNEQUAL CROSSING-OVER short chromosome The event illustrated may affect the next generation if it occurs during: gene homologous chromosomes
Truffles (Tuber borchi) have 2n=8 chromosomes. For the mitotic and meiotic stages below, draw the chromosomes and chromatids, and give the number of homologous pairs, chromosomes, and chromatids present. Be sure to differentiate homologous chromosomes by using size, shape, or other labeling mechanism. Metaphase of mitosis ( # homologous pairs # chromosomes # chromatids Anaphase of meiosis II – draw and count chromosomes for only 1 cell ( # homologous pairs # chromosomes # chromatids
Define these pairs of terms, and distinguish between them.aneuploidy/euploidymonosomy/trisomyPatau syndrome/Edwards syndromeautopolyploidy/allopolyploidyautotetraploid/amphidiploidparacentric inversion/pericentric inversion
Match the following: A duplicated chromosome is made of 2.A maternal and paternal chromosome present together, each with two sister chromatids 3.Semi-condensed DNA made up of coiled nucleosomes. 4.Super-coiled DNA strands. 5.Contains only one copy of each chromosome. 6.Name of an error during meiosis resulting in fewer chromosomes than normal in a zygote or individual (2n-1) 7.General term for an error resulting in the incorrect number of chromosomes in a gamete after meiosis 8.A specific version of a gene, such as blue eye colour 9.A region on a chromosome that codes for a protein 10.Region where chromosomes are attached 11.None of the above (should be selected more than once) with monosomy trisomy aneuploidy centromere gene sister chromatids diploid Haploid tetrad telomere Chromosomes Chromatin allele
crossing over within a pericentric inversion produces chromosomes that have extra copies of some genes and no copies of other genes. The fertilization of gametes containing chromosomes with duplications or deletions often result in children with syndromes characterized by developmental delay, intellectual disability, abnormal development of organ systems, and early death. Maarit Jaarola and colleagues examined individual sperm cells of a male who was heterozygous for a pericentric inversion on chromosome 8 and determined that crossing over took place within the pericentric inversion in 26% of the meiotic divisions (M. Jaarola, R. H. Martin, and T. Ashley. 1998. American Journal of Human Genetics 63:218–224). Assume that you are a genetic counselor and that a couple seeks counseling from you. Both the man and the woman are phenotypically normal, but the woman is heterozygous for a pericentric inversion on chromosome 8. The man is karyotypically normal. What is the probability that this…
Which of the following chromosome pairs would contain all of the same genes (not necessarily at the same loci)? OA homologous pair of chromosomes after a deletion in one chromosome in the pair A homologous pair of chromosomes after an inversion in one chromosome in the pair A pair of sex chromosomes in a male human A homologous pair of chromosomes after translocation occurs in one chromosome in the pair
Which of the following processes leads to aneuploidy, the condition of having too many or too few copies of a particular chromosome? Select all that apply. Nondisjunction of chromosomes during mitosis Nondisjunction of chromosomes during meiosis Proper separation of chromosomes during mitosis Proper separation of chromosomes during meiosis