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which of the following influences the bonding of oxygen to to hemoglobin?
a) pH
b) oxygen concentration
c) temperature
d) all of the above
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- The ability of hemoglobin to deliver oxygen is enhanced because: A) The partial pressure of oxygen is lower in most tissues than it is in the lungs OB) The metabolic activity in most tissues lowers the pH of the blood C) The metabolic activity of tissues increases carbon dioxide levels D) All of the above E) b and c only10) The heme group in myoglobin has a lower affinity for carbon monoxide as compared to free heme. What statement below best explains this observation? a) Myoglobin lowers the pH around the heme group. b) Myoglobin has negatively charged groups around the heme group. c) Heme is buried in the core of myoglobin making the heme inaccessible. d) Steric hindrance around the heme group caused by R groups in myoglobin. e) The iron ion of free heme is replaced with a copper ion in myoglobin.Which of the following statements are TRUE: Very low oxygen levels will cause: a) Myoglobin instead of hemeglobin will be used to transfer oxygen to cells b) You might experience feelings similar to sickle-cell anemia c) You might have a higher total concentration of hemeglobin to help transport enough oxygen. d) Oxygen will be more concentrated in the air, resulting in higher saturation of hemeglobin
- Choose the factors that favor LOADING of oxygen onto hemoglobin. a) higher PO b) higher pH c) lower PCO d) lower BPG e) all of the aboveWhich of the following protein(s) exhibit positive cooperativity in oxygen binding? a) Myoglobin b) Myoglobin and Hemoglobin c) Hemoglobin d) None of these options are correctMost of the oxygen transported in blood is A) Attached to the plasma membrane of red blood cells B) Bound to the globin portion of hemoglobin C) Bound to the heme portion of hemoglobin D) Dissolved in the cytoplasm of red blood cells
- Oxygen has an allosteric interaction with hemoglobin. What are the results of this interaction as oxygen a) binds to and b) is released from hemoglobin?The differences between hemoglobin and myoglobin include a) hemoglobin exhibits a lower degree of O2 saturation at all physiologically relevant partial pressures of O2 than does myoglobin. b) all of the answers arecorrect. c) hemoglobin is a tetramer whereas myoglobin is a monomer. O d) hemoglobin exhibits O2 binding cooperativity while myoglobin does not.Which of the following can affect the binding of oxygen to hemoglobin? A) The pH of plasma OB) The levels of 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate C) Albumin levels in plasma D) a and b E) a and c OF) a, b and c
- Why is the binding of oxygen to hemoglobin cooperative while the binding of oxygen to myoglobin is not? A) Myoglobin has more x-helix than hemoglobin B) Hemoglobin has more iron (Fe) atoms C) Hemoglobin has more than one subunit D) Myoglobin is affected by changes in pHCarbon monoxide (CO) is toxic to humans because it: A) is rapidly converted to toxic CO2. B) binds to the globin portion of hemoglobin and prevents the binding of O2. C) binds to myoglobin and causes it to denature. D) binds to the heme portion of hemoglobin and causes heme to unbind from hemoglobin. E) binds to the Fe in hemoglobin and prevents the binding of O2.Which of the following concerning hemoglobin is true? a) BPG decreases at high altitudes and causes more O2 offloading in tissues b) As pH increases, [CO2] increases in tissues, causing more O2 release in tissue c) The R state is stabilized by CO2 binding, whereas the T state is stabilized by O2 binding d) About 38% of oxygen dissociates from hemoglobin in tissues e) Hemoglobin has a higher affinity for oxygen than carbon monoxide My guess is D.