Which of the following events occurs due to a reduced sympathetic stimulation of the heart? Question 13Answer a. Cardiac output increases b. The heart rate increases c. The contractile strength of the heart muscle decreases d. The Frank-Starling curve shifts to the left
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- Only one is correct Contraction of cardiac muscle is initiated during which phase of the fast action potential? What ion mediates this effect? A. Phase 0 due to Ca++ entry B. Phase 1 due to Na+ entry and K+ exit C. Phase 2 due to Ca++ entry D. Phase 4 due to K+ exit Group of answer choices Phase 2 due to Ca++ entry Phase 1 due to Na+ entry and K+ exit Phase 0 due to Ca++ entry Phase 4 due to K+ exitO Question 55 In the heart, lub - dub refer to, in order, the O closing of all valves simultaneously O closing of the AV valves and closing of the semilunar valves opening of the semilunar valves and opening of the AV valves O closing of the AV valves and opening of the semilunar valves um #3 Lecture S..pdf Den fileQuestion 33 2 Commen Which of the following statements about blood vessel compliance is true? O A. Blood vessel compliance is defined as the ability of a blood vessel to contract and relax in response to changes in sympathetic stimulation. O B. Compliance is defined as the change in volume divided by the change in pressure, for a particular blood vessel. O C. Blood vessel compliance increases with age due to changes in the structure and composition of the vessel wall. OD. Increased blood vessel compliance leads to an increase in systolic blood pressure. O E. All of the following are true
- The autonomic nervous system can change the rate of the heart by: can choose more than one Group of answer choices - beta1 adrenergic receptor activation. Increases in cAMP lead to increased amounts of Na+ influx (though If channels) and Ca2+ influx of the pacemaker cells. This increases the frequency of APs of the pacemaker, and increases the rate of contraction. - alpha1 adrenergic receptor activation. - muscarinic ACh receptors activation. Activation leads to reduced activity of Ca2+ channels, and increasing activation of K+ channels, hyperpolarizing cells and reducing the rate of contraction. - beta2 adrenergic receptor activation. Increases in cAMP lead to increased amounts of Na+ influx (though If channels) and Ca2+ influx of the pacemaker cells. This increases the frequency of APs of the pacemaker, and increases the rate of contraction.For the average healthy human, why is the pulse rate lower immediately upon standing compared the the pulse rate in the reclining position? (Mark all that apply) When reclining, there is a gravitational force working on our body the allows the heart to exert less pressure to pump blood to the head without working against gravity O When we stand up, immediately the pulse rate goes down due to the hearts current state of exerting less force while in the reclining position. O The heart has to work harder against gravity to pump blood to all regions of the body when in the reclining positionNodal (conductile) cells in the heart differ from other myocardiocytes (contractile cells) in that nodal cells have_____. A channels that allow Na+ to slowly leak in between action potentials B gap junctions while other myocardiocytes do not C more rapid depolarization in their action potentials due to voltage-gated Na+ channels D action potentials without plateau phases because they lack Ca+2 channels
- SA node is the main pacemaker of the heart. Why is the normal heart rate lower than the intrinsic firing rate of the SA node? A. sympathetic inputs from the hypothalamus are slowing it down B. parasympathetic inputs from medulla oblongata are slowing it down C. there is inertia in heart muscle as it takes time for impulse to spread through all the cells D. centrifugal inputs from the AV node are slowing it downD Question 31 Which chamber of the heart forms the base? O Left atrium O Right ventricle O Right atrium O Left ventricle None of theseQUESTION 4 Match the arrhythmias with their correct definitions: A. Slow heart rate caused by the AV node taking over as pacemaker B. Overly slow heart rate C. Overly fast heart rate * Bradycardia + Fibrillation * Tachycardia D. Rapid and irregular contraction of heart muscle E. Failure of the SA node to send signals to the AV + Heart Block + Junctional rhythm node
- What would you expect to occur in heart failure? Question 10 options: The ability to overcome afterload An increase in preload An increase myocardial muscle contractility A decrease in oxygenation to tissuesQuestion 3 In the Sino-Atrial Node which is not true? O A. Shows spontaneous (oscillatory) electrical behavior. B. Has a calcium mediated action potential upstroke. C. Has a stable resting membrane potential D. Has no inward rectifier potassium current. O E. Has an additional inward current that turns on during diastolic depolarization.The next patient seen by the same doctor was suffering from hyperkalemia and was experiencing cardiac arrhythmias. Which of the following reason/s explain/s why this patient was experiencing cardiac arrhythmias? O hyperkalemia leads to an increase in action potential generation because potassium ions in the ECF makes the resting membrane potential more negative O hyperkalemia leads to a decrease in action potential generation because the potassium ion level in the ICF will cause hyperpolarization O hyperkalemia leads to an increase in action potential generation because the high level of potassium ions in the ICF will make achieving threshold easier O a and b