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- • H2O Based on the reaction above, (a) Outline the reaction mechanism. (b) Sketch the energy diagram. (c) Give the rate equation. (d) Explain what happens to the reaction rate if: The leaving group is changed to I. (0) (a) The solvent is changed to DMF. The alkyl halide is changed to (v) The concentration of the solvent is increased by five-fold answer with proper justification and with good explanationWhich of the following species is likely to be a nucleophile and which an electrophile? (a) CH3CI (b) CH3S" (c) (d) N-CH CHCHIn an SN2 reaction between 2-chlorobutane and iodide ion, what happens to the rate of the reaction if: (a) the concentration of 2-chlorobutane is doubled? (b) the concentration of iodide is doubled?
- b) Listed below are several hypothetical nucleophilic substitution reactions. None is synthetically useful because the product indicated is not formed at an appreciable rate. In each case provide an explanation for the failure of the reaction to take place as indicated. OMe HO + OMe + OH HO + CH; OHHow do we know whether a reaction occurs by the SN1 or SN2 mechanism?Rank the compounds in each group in order of increasing reactivity in electrophilic aromatic substitution: (a) C6H6, C6H5Cl, C6H5CHO; (b) C6H5CH3, C6H5NH2, C6H5CH2NH2.
- A) Provide the reagent and reaction mechanism to show how the reactants and products in the following reaction can interconvert B) under what conditions would the reaction I) favour reactants, II) favour the products and III) why?Compound D, shown below, reacts with hydrogen bromide by electrophilic addition. A mixture of two organic compounds, E and F, is formed. CH3 CH₂CH₂ CH3 H compound D HBr Mixture of organic compounds E and F (i) Name the the two organic compounds E and F and show their condensed formula. (ii) Briefly explain the mechanism of the reaction between compound D and hydrogen bromide to form either compound E or compound F. (You can list/state the main steps) (iii) Which compound, E or F is the major product?When acetone is dissolved in either a slightly basic or a slightly acidic solution of oxygen-18 labeled water, H2180, oxygen-18 labeled acetone, (CH3)2C=180, is produced. This is a form of an isotopic exchange reaction between acetone and water. Provide a mechanism to account for this reaction in (a) basic solution and (b) acidic solution. Hint: Is the addition of the nucleophile reversible or irreversible? 180 + H,180 CH3 + Hо `CH3 Acid or base H3C H3C
- Predict the major product or the necessary reagent or reactant to complete each of the following reactions. In the box before each reaction, indicate the mechanism followed by the reaction. (Free radical (FR), SN2, SN1). (b) (a) Cl₂ CH₂CH₂OH (a) 1 hv 2 (b) H Br H₂O Na+ SCH3 (c) (d) CI "CH3Pleas explain how this process occurs. Identify SN1, SN2, E2, E1, nucleophiles and electrophiles.Which compound undergoes nucleophilic substitution with NaCN at the fastest rate ? (а) Br, X (b) Br (c) Br. Br (d)