When designing operating systems for the administration of multiprogramming, multiprocessing, and remote computing environments, consistency is of the utmost importance. Explain what concurrency is and look at four design and management challenges that arise when there is more than one user accessing the same data at the same time.

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Concurrency Control

The simultaneous occurrence of two or more operations is called concurrence and the situation is called concurrency. In concurrency, the function of one operation can affect the function of the other and put data integrity at risk. Hence, management for the control of concurrency is required. The management or controlling system in the Database Management System (DBMS) that coordinates concurrent access is called the concurrency control system.