Use the graph below to answer questions 6 and 7. Aggregate price level LRAS YF 6. a) If the economy is at point Et, there is a(n) "high" or "low") Y, AD₁ SRAS b) What is expected to happen to the economy in the long run? gap Real GDP with (high low) unemployment. (Cir 7. If the economy is at point E1, the appropriate fiscal policy in order to stabilize output is to: increase taxes and decrease government spending (thereby decreases AD, shifting AD left). decrease taxes and increase government spending (thereby increasing AD, shifting AD right). A) B)
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- Suppose an economy had aggregate demand components with the following relationships: Consumption spending, C=140+.60*(DY) Investment spending,I=25+.15*Y Government Spending, G= 0 Net Export Spending,X=0 Tax collections, Tx=0 a. What is the equilibrium income for this economy? b. If the government decided to increase G spending by 6, what would be the new equilibrium income for this economy? c. If instead the government decided to reduce Tx (taxes) by 10, what would be the new equilibrium income for the economy? d. If instead the government decided to increase G spending and Increase Tx (taxes) by 20, what would be the new equilibrium for this economy?The aggregate demand function: yad =C+1+G₁ = 500+ 0.75Y is plotted on the graph to the right. The graph also shows the 45° line where aggregate output Y equals aggregate demand yad for all points. What happens to aggregate output if government spending rises by 100? The equilibrium level of output rises by $ billion. (Round your response to the nearest billion.) Consumption Expenditure, C ($ billions) 3000- 2800- 2600- 2400- 2200- 2000- 1800- 1600- 1400- 1200- 1000- 800- 600- 400- 200- 0- 0 yad =C+I+G₁ = 500 +0.75Y Y = yad 45° 400 800 1200 1600 2000 2400 2800 Disposable Income ($ billions)Suppose the economy begins at full employment. Label this starting point as point "1." Then, suppose that a long strike by coal miners reduces the coal supply and increases the price of coal. Show the effects on your graph and label the new equilibrium point "2." Lastly, suppose our government wants the economy to return to full-employment as quickly as possible. Should the government intervene? If so, show the impact of successful fiscal policy on your graph. Label this new equilibrium point "3."
- The graph below depicts an economy where a decline in aggregate demand has caused a recession. Assume the government decides to conduct fiscal policy by changing taxes to reduce the burden of this recession. Fiscal Policy Price Level 140 130 120 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 LRAS $ AS AD₁ 40 0 80 160 240 320 400 480 560 640 720 800 Real GDP (billions of dollars) billion AD Instructions: Enter your answer as a whole number. If you are entering a negative number include a minus sign. a How much does aggregate demand need to change to restore the economy to its long-run equilibrium? $ b. If the MPC is 0.6, how much do taxes need to change to shift aggregate demand by the amount you found in part a? billion Suppose instead that the MPC is 0.92 c How much does aggregate demand and taxes need to change to restore the economy to its long-run equilibrium? Aggregate demand needs to change by S billion and taxes need to change by $[ billion.Consider the graph at right showing an economy in recession. Aggregate demand is currently at AD. Equilibrium currently occurs at Eo. If aggregate demand was ADF, there would be full employment. Suppose the government engages in fiscal policy that results in full crowding out. Using the line drawing tool, draw the new demand curve that shows full crowding out. Carefully follow the instructions above, and only draw the required object. Price level Eo EF ADO F Real GDP per Year ($ trillions) SRASO ADF O UThe graph below depicts an economy where a decline in aggregate demand has caused a recession. Assume the government decides to conduct fiscal policy by changing toxes to reduce the burden of this recession. Fiscal Policy 140 LRAS AS 130 120 110 100 90 80 70 AD 60 50 AD, 40 80 160 240 320 400 480 560 640 720 800 Real GDP (billions of dollars) Instructions: Enter your answer as a whole number. If you are entering a negative number include a minus sign. a. How much does oggregate demanci need to change to restore the economy to its long-run equilbrilum? billion b. If the MPC is 0.667, how much do taxes need to change to shift aggregate demand by the amount you found in part a? billion Suppose instead that the MPC is 0.5. C. How much does aggregate demand and taxes need to change to restore the economy to its long-run equilibrium? Aggregate demand needs to change by $ [ billion and taxes need to change by $ billion. Price Level
- From March 2020 to March 2021, the US enacted three fiscal packages to stimulate the economy and support businesses and households following the dislocations of COVID19. The rationale for these temporary payments was based on the Keynesian consumption function, according to which an increase in income increases consumption spending and boosts the economy. The data shown in the chart on the next page for disposable income, with and without the stimulus payments, and personal consumption expenditures. While disposable income clearly rises substantially when the stimulus payments are included, personal consumption expenditures follows a different path, mimicking disposable income without the stimulus payments. Use economic theory to explain what is going on here, Billions of Dollars 22,000 Disposable Personal Income less Economic Impact Payments Disposable Personal Income with Economic impact Payments 20,000 Personal Consumption Expenditures 18,000 16,000 14,000 12,000 01 04 07 10 01 04…The graph below depicts an economy where a decline in aggregate demand has caused a recession. Assume the government decides to conduct fiscal policy by changing taxes to reduce the burden of this recession. Fiscal Policy Instructions: Enter your answer as a whole number. If you are entering a negatlve number Include a minus sign. a. How much does aggregate demand need to change to restore the economy to its long-run equilibrilum? $, billion b. If the MPC is 0.6 , how much do taxes need to change to shift aggregate demand by the amount you found in part a? $, billion Suppose Instead that the MPC is 0.8 . c. How much does aggregate demand and taxes need to change to restore the economy to Its long-run equilibrlum? Aggregate demand needs to change by $ billion and taxes need to change by $ billion.An economy's IS curve represents the following markets. Goods: slc = 4 MPC = 0.7 G = 10 T = 9 Finance: I = 10 - 90r and r = 0.047 Currently, expenditure Y0 = 44.9. However the government decides to embark on a fiscal expansion, setting G to G1=12. 1. The expenditure reacts to the new government spending G. Before the interest rate or anything else has time to react, find the new expenditure. 2. graph the change in the IS curve. Label axes and curves, project the new and the old values on respective axes. 3. How will the IS curve be affected? a. slide down along the IS curve b. slide up along the IS curve c. shift of the IS curve right d. shift of the IS curve left
- The graph below depicts an economy where a decline in aggregate demand has caused a recession. Assume the government decides to conduct fiscal policy by changing taxes to reduce the burden of this recession. Fiscal Policy Price Level 150 LRAS AS 140 130 120 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 AD1 AD 0 80 160 240 320 400 480 560 640 720 800 Real GDP (billions of dollars) Instructions: Enter your answer as a whole number. If you are entering a negative number Include a minus sign. a. How much does aggregate demand need to change to restore the economy to its long-run equilibrium? $ billion b. If the MPC is 0.5, how much do taxes need to change to shift aggregate demand by the amount you found in part a? billion Suppose Instead that the MPC is 0.6. c. How much does aggregate demand and taxes need to change to restore the economy to its long-run equilibrium? Aggregate demand needs to change by $[ billion and taxes need to change by $[ billion.Macmillan Learning What is the eventual effect on real GDP if the government increases its purchases of goods and services by $60,000? Assume the marginal propensity to consume (MPC) is 0.75. What is the eventual effect on real GDP if the government, instead of changing its spending, increases transfers by $60,000? Assume the MPC has not changed. An increase in government transfers or taxes, as opposed to an increase in government purchases of goods and services, will result in O no change to real GDP. O a smaller eventual effect on real GDP. a larger eventual effect on real GDP. O an identical eventual effect on real GDP.What is the eventual effect on real GDP if the government increases its purchases of goods and services by $75,000? Assume the marginal propensity to consume (MPC) is 0.75. $ What is the eventual effect on real GDP if the government, instead of changing its spending, increases transfers by $75,000? Assume the MPC has not changed. $ An increase in government transfers or taxes, as opposed to an increase in government purchases of goods and services, will result in an identical eventual effect on real GDP. no change to real GDP. a larger eventual effect on real GDP. a smaller eventual effect on real GDP.