uppose that a multiprogrammed system has a load of N processes with individual execution times of t1, t2, ...,tN. Answer the following questions: a)  How would it be possible that the time to complete the N processes could be as small as: maximum (t1, t2, ...,tN)? b)  How would it be possible that the total execution time, T > t1+ t2+ ...+tN? In other words, what would cause the total execution time to exceed the sum of individual process execution times?

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Types of database architectures

A Database Architecture represents the Database Management System’s (DBMS) design (schema). The DBMS architecture makes it easy to understand the components involved in the database system and their relations. The DBMS architecture may vary based on the system on which it runs. Some systems contain both client and server machines whereas some run only on a server machine. Based on the architecture, the system can be classified as centralized, decentralized, or hierarchical.