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Kernel color in wheat
Red kernel color in wheat results from the interaction between two dominant alleles. With only one dominant allele, the
What specific type of interaction can be observed?
A. duplicate dominant genes
B. duplicate genes with cumulative effects
C. complementary genes
D. dominant epistasis (case 2)
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- In Pansies, two genes, B and D, control the synthesis of the pigments in flower petals. The biochemical pathway is shown In each case the uppercase letter codes for the wildtype enzyme and is dominant. a What color flowers, would you expect in a plant of genotype bbDD? b. What color flowers, would you expect in a plant of genotype BBdd? c. If the plants in parts a and b are crossed what color petals would the Fl plants have? gene B enzyme gene D enzyme white white purple pigment precursor intermediateIn sweet peas, the synthesis of purple anthocyanin pigment in the petals is controlled by two genes, B and D. What petal color would you expect in a pure breeding plant unable to catalyze the first reaction? Indicate the genotype and phenotype. 2. What petal color would you expect in a pure breeding plant unable to catalyze the second reaction? Indicate the genotype and phenotype. 3. If plants 1 and 2 are crossed, what petal color would the F1 plants have? Indicate the genotype and phenotype. 4. What ratio of purple : blue : white plants would you expect in the F2? Indicate the genotypes, phenotypes, and the F2 phenotypic ratio.In an autotetraploid Chinese primrose (Primula sinensis), the gene controlling stigma color is very near the centromere of the chromosome carrying it. The allele G for green stigma is dominant to g for red stigmas. A homozygous green autotetraploid strain is crossed with a homozygous red autotetraploid strain. a. What is the genotype of the F1? b. Show the types of gametes the F1’s may be expected to form and derive the expected proportion of each. c. What phenotypic ratio of green to red is expected if: 1. The F1’s are intercrossed? 2. The F1’s are crossed with red plants d. If the G locus were 50 or more map units from the centromere, what types and proportions of gametes would the F1 be expected to produce? Derive the expected F2 phenotypic ratio.
- . In common wheat, Triticum aestivum, kernel color is determined by multiply duplicated genes, each with an Rand an r allele. Any number of R alleles will give red, anda complete lack of R alleles will give the white phenotype.In one cross between a red pure line and a white pureline, the F2 was 6463 red and 641 white.a. How many R genes are segregating in this system?b. Show the genotypes of the parents, the F1, and the F2.c. Different F2 plants are backcrossed with the whiteparent. Give examples of genotypes that would give thefollowing progeny ratios in such backcrosses: (1) 1 red :1 white, (2) 3 red :1 white, (3) 7 red :1 white.d. What is the formula that generally relates thenumber of segregating genes to the proportion of redindividuals in the F2 in such systems?True breeding eggplant plants producing deep, purple colored fruit are crossed with true breeding plants producing white fruit. The offspring of this cross all produce lighter, violet fruit. The colors of the fruit are produced by the interactions of the two different alleles. A.Predict the genotype of the F1 plant. B. Predict the expected proportions and genotypes in the F2 generation, if F1 eggplants are crossed.In autotetraploid Chinese primrose (Primula sinensis L.), the gene controlling stigma color is very near the centromere of the chromosome carrying it. The allele G for green stigma is dominant to g for red stigmas. A homozygous green autotetraploid strain is crossed with a homozygous red autotetraploid strain. a. What is the genotype of the Fl1? b. Show the types of gametes the Fl's may be expected to form and derive the expected proportion of each. Show your solution. c. What phenotypic ratio of green to red is expected if: the Fl's are intercrossed? Show your solution. the Fl's are crossed with red plants? Show your solution. d. If the G locus were 50 or more map units from the centromere, what types and proportions of gametes would the Fl be expected to produce? Derive the expected F2 phenotypic ratio.
- Some sweet-pea plants have purple flowers and others have white flowers. A homozygous variety of sweet pea that has purple flowers is crossed with a homozygous variety that has white flowers. All the F1 have purple flowers. When these F1 self-fertilize, the F2 appear in a ratio of 916 purple to 716 white. a. Give genotypes for the purple and white flowers in these crosses. b. Draw a hypothetical biochemical pathway to explain the production of purple and white flowers in sweet peasTall tomato plants are produced by the action of a dominant D allele and dwarf plants by its allele. recessive d. The hair shaft is produced by a dominant H gene and the hairless shaft by its recessive allele h.A test cross was applied to a dihybrid plant and the following results were obtained;b. High-hairy 125c. High non-hairy 115d. Hairy dwarfs 117e. Non-hairy dwarfs 123 a. Diagram the cross indicating the genotype of each parent.b. What are the expected phenotypic proportions showing their absolute frequency?c. Do these loci segregate independently?d. Because?A mapping experiment in strawberries shows that the genes for color and plant height are separated by 16cM. In a cross between a heterozygous plant (CcHh) and a homozygous recessive plant, what percent of offspring would inherit a chromosome carrying cH from the heterozygous parent.... 1. if the heterozygous parent’s alleles are in repulsion? _________________ 2. if the heterozygous parent’s alleles are in coupling? _________________
- In cats, the gene for calico (multicolored) cats is both sex-linked and codominant. Due to a phenomenon known as dosage compensation, females that receive a B and an R gene have black and orange splotches on white Males can only be black or orange, but never calico. a. What would a calico cat’s genotype be? b. Show the cross of a female calico cat with a black male. What percentage of the kittens will be black and male? c. What percentage of the kittens will be calico and male? d. What percentage of the kittens will be calico and female? e. Show the cross of a female black cat with a male orange cat. f. What percentage of the kittens will be calico and female? What color will all the male cats be?What color are all the kernels in the F1 generation? a. All black b. All yellow c. A mixture of black and yellow What color kernels are dominant based on these results? a. Black b. Yellow c. Neither Which color is recessive based on these results? a. Black b. Yellow c. Neither What genotype(s) produce a black phenotype in the corn kernels? (Use "R" to represent dominant alleles, and "r" to represent recessive alleles) a. RR b. Rr c. rr What is/are the genotype(s) of the yellow kernels on the F2 ear? a. RR b. Rr c. rrA. In corn, yellow kernels (Y) are dominant to white kernels (y). If you cross two plants with the Yy genotype, what percentage of the offspring will have yellow kernels? B.What percentage of the offspring will have the same genotype as the parent plants? C.Say you're also interested in corn plant height where tall plants (T) are dominant to short plants (t). You want to save some time and just cross your plants once. The P1 genotypes are YyTT and YYTt. Will you get any short plants with yellow kernels from this cross? Why or why not? D. If these traits, kernel color and height were linked, how would this affect your experimental outcomes? Would you expect the laws of Mendelian genetics to still apply? Why or why not ?