please answer this quick. Thank you The concentrations of pyruvate, NADH, H¹, lactate, and NAD are 2, 1.5, 1.5, 1.2, 1.2 mm,respectively (). Which direction will the following reaction proceed at pH of 7 andtemperature of 25°C++Pyruvate + NADH + Hlactate + NADPyruvate- +2H+ = 2e- → lactateE¹0+NAD +H+2e → NADH= -0.15VE¹0 = -0.3V

The quantitative study of the energy change in the living cells and of the nature is known as…

Answered: The concentrations of pyruvate, NADH,…

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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The standard free energy change for the reaction catalyzed by phosphoglucomutase is -7.1 kJ/mol. Calculate the equilibrium constant for the reaction. Calculate AG at 37°C when the concentration of glucose-1-phosphate is 1-mM and the concentration of glucose-6-phosphate is 25-mM. Is the reaction spontaneous under these conditions? HOCH, -20;POCH, H H H H H H ОН Н НО ОН Н H НО ОН H ОН H. ОН Glucose-l-phosphate Glucose-6-phosphate
explain in quantitative terms the circumstances under which the following reaction can porceed; L-malate + NAD+ (forward arrow) oxaloacetate + NADH + H+ delta G' standard = +29.7 KJ/mol
Consider the two half-reactions below and their standard reduction potentials. NAD+ + H+ + 2e → NADH Elo= -0.32 V a-Ketoglutarate + CO₂ + 2H+ + 2e → Isocitrate E' = -0.38 V (a) What is AE" for the spontaneous redox reaction that is, the reaction that actually occurs under standard biochemical conditions (pH 7)? (b) Which of the following statements are correct under standard biochemical conditions? i. The concentration of H+ is 1.0 M. ii. The reaction NAD+ + Isocitrate → NADH + H+ + a-Ketoglutarate + CO₂ is favor- able. iii. NAD+ accepts electrons from isocitrate. iv. The NAD → NADH reaction actually occurs in reverse. The a-ketoglutarate → isocitrate reaction occurs as written. (c) Calculate AG" for the reaction in (a). (pH 7, 25°C, pressure, 1 atm.) (d) Suppose that the actual conditions are T = 25°C, pH = 7, CO₂ = 1 atm, [a-Ketoglutarate] 10 mM, [NAD+] = 2.5 mM, and [NADH] = 0.5 mM. PAR = 2 mM, [Isocitrate] DE What is the value of AG under those conditions? (Hints: pH 7 is already…
The glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) catalyses the following reaction: *H₂N- H CH₂ CH₂ COO™ acide glutamique COO™ Time (min) A340 + NAD+ + H₂O The answer: GDH 2 1 1.760 1.718 [ammonium sulphate] = 0.33 M [NADH] = 0.205 mg.mL-¹ = 2.9.10-4 M [a-ketoglutarate] = 0.07 M [Protein] = 0.05 mg.mL-¹ COO™ CH₂ The activity of GDH is monitored in the sense of the formation of glutamate using the following conditions: 0.2 mL of 5 M ammonium sulphate 2.4 mL of buffer at pH 8 0.1 mL of NADH at 6.15 mg.mL-¹ (M = 709 g.mol-¹) 0.2 mL of 1 M a-ketoglutarate solution Warm mixture at 25 °C for 5 min Add 0.1 mL of GDH solution containing 1.6 mg.mL-¹protein to start the reaction. 5 3 4 1.675 1.635 1.595 !- Calculate ammonium sulphate, NADH, concentrations in the reaction medium at t = 0. CH₂ The change in absorbance at 340 nm is monitored, in a 1-cm cuvette, every minute for 10 min. Results are given in the table below: Data ENADH at 340 nm = 6220 M-¹.cm-¹ COO acide x-cétoglutarique O + NH4+ + NADH + H* 6 1.550…
Calculate AG for this reaction under the following conditions: 37°C, pH 7, [Pyruvate] = [CO₂] = 4.0 mM, [OAA] = 2.0 mM, [ATP] = 3.5 mM, [P;] = 5.0 mM, and [ADP] = 1.8 mM. Use 2 signficant figures. AG= i kJ.mol-1 Under these conditions, the reaction is (Tolerance is +/- 2%)
Write out the full redox reaction that happens when both of these reactions are added to the same reaction where there is 1M concentrations of each reactant and products, pH7, and temeprature is 290K. Identify which compounds will be reduced and which compounds will be oxidized. redox reaction 1: Pyruvate¯ + 2H+ + 2e¯ → lactate¯ E'o(V) = -0.185 redox reaction 2: NAD+ + H+ + 2e¯ → NADH E'o(V) = -0.320
Acetyl CoA + 2H* + 2e = pyruvate + COASH E = -0.48 V Ubiquinone + 2H* + 2e = Ubiquinol E" = +0.04 V Consider the redox rxn wherein a pair of e passes from pyruvate to ubiquinone. Calculate the change in standard Gibbs free energy (kJ/mol). Report answer to two decimal places.
a) The following reaction which is catalyzed by aldolase: Fructose-,6-bisphosphate (FBP) + Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (GAP) + Dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) AG for this reaction is 22.8 kJ mol'. In the cell at 37°C, AG for this reaction is -5.9 kJ mol". Determine the ratio [GAP][DHAP]/[FBP]
Consider the following phosphoryl group transfer reaction which is the first step in glucose catabolism by glycolysis: Glucose + ATP + Glucose 6-phosphate + ADP The AG for the reaction is -16.7 kJ/mol. (R= 8.314 J/(K. mol) (a) Calculate Keq for the reaction at 25°C (b) What is the ratio of [Glucose 6-phosphate] to [Glucose] if the ratio of [ADP] to [ATP] is 10?
Complete the balanced equation for the overall reaction by selecting an answer choice in the brackets. Sucrose + [2 Pi, 4Pi]+[4 ADP, 2 ADP, 4 ATP, 2ATP]+[2 NAD+, 4 NAD+, 6 NAD+]+[H2O, 5 H2O, 3 H2O] --> [2 cirate, 2 oxaloacetate, 2 pyruvate, 2 acetyl-coA]+[4 ADP, 2 ADP, 4 ATP, 2ATP] + [2 NAD+, 4 NAD+, 6 NAD+] + [2H+, 8H+, 6 H+, 4 H+, 10 H+] Does the commercial process require aerated culture medium—that is, is this a fermentation or an aerobic process? A. a fermentation process, because A. niger cells must use O2O2 to continuously regenerate NAD+ B. an aerobic process, because A. niger cells must use O2O2 to continuously regenerate NAD+ C. a fermentation process, because A. niger cells cannot use O2O2 to continuously regenerate NAD+ D. an aerobic process, because A. niger cells cannot use O2O2 to continuously regenerate NAD+
The Eo values for the NAD/NADH and Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate/1,3- Bisphosphoglycerate conjugate redox pairs are -0.32 V and -0.19 V, respectively. Beginning with 1 M concentrations of each reactant and product at pH 7 and 25 C, which statement is TRUE? Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate would become oxidized; NAD would become reduced. No reaction would occur because all reactants and products are already at their standard concentrations. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate would become oxidized; NADH2 would be unchanged because it is a cofactor. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and 1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate would become oxidized; NAD and NADH would become reduced. 1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate would become reduced; NADH would become oxidized.
If a 0.1 M solution of glucose 1- phosphate at 25 °C is incubated with a catalytic amount of phosphoglucomutase, the glucose 1-phosphate is transformed to glucose 6-phosphate. At equilibrium, the concentrations of the reaction components are Calculate Keq and ΔG′° for this reaction.

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