Surfactants X (HLB = 10.0) and Y (HLB = 5.5) are %3D mixed together to emulsify a mixture of 30 % paraffin wax (HLB = 10.2) and 70 % of an organic oil. Although the HLB value (on max. 20 scale) of the organic oil is not known, the formula weight of the hydrophobic portion of its molecule is equal to three times the formula weight of the hydrophilic portion. Find the composition (in %) of the surfactants that would most likely emulsify the organic matters.
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- When a Vitamin C (ascorbic acid; MM = 176.12 g mol-1) tablet is crushed, dissolved and titrated with 0.0340 M KIO3(aq) to a purple/blue endpoint (given by a starch indicator), the volume of KIO3 used is 29.80 mL. If 60 mg of ascorbic acid is the recommended dietary allowance (i.e., 100% of the RDA), then what is the % RDA for the Vitamin C in the tablet? KIO3(aq) + 5 KI + 6 H+ → 3 I2(aq) + 3 H2O I2 (aq) + ascorbic acid → 2 I- + dehydroascorbic acid(d) A sample contains a mixture of ammonium carbonate (NH4)2CO3, sodium carbonate Na2CO3, and sodium chloride NaCl. Thermogravimetric analysis indicates that a 0.0965-g portion of this sample loses 0.0574 g over a temperature range of 50-75 oC and then loses another 0.0124 g at 800 oC.(i) What causes the weight loss at 50-75 oC? (ii) What species will remain after being heated to 800 oC? (iii) What is the composition of the original sample? Given: Atomic masses: H = 1.008; C = 12.011; N = 14.007; Na = 22.99; O = 15.999;Cl = 35.45.3. A bacteria is able to grow on hexadecane as a substrate: C16H34 + 16.28 O2 + 1.42 NH3 →1.65 C4.4HBO₂N8 + a CO₂ + 13.11 H₂O (a) What is the respiratory quotient (mol/mol)? (b) What is the cell formula for this microorganism? (c) Assuming 100% conversion, calculate the yield of cells from hexadecane (Yx/s) and from oxygen (YX/0₂).
- Oral rehydration salts are stated to contain the following components: Sodium Chloride 3.5g Potassium Chloride 1.5g Sodium Citrate 2.9g Anhydrous Glucose 20.0g 8.342 g of oral rehydration salts are dissolved in 500 ml of water. 5 ml of the solution is diluted to 100 ml and then 5 ml is taken from the diluted sample and is diluted to 100 ml. The sodium content of the sample is then determined by flame photometry. The sodium salts used to prepare the mixture were: Trisodium citrate hydrate (C6H5Na3O7, 2H2O) MW 294.1 and sodium chloride (NaCl) NW 58.5. Atomic weight of Na = 23. The content of Na in the diluted sample was determined to be 0.3210 mg/100 ml. Determine the % of stated content of Na in the sample.Oral rehydration salts are stated to contain the following components: Sodium Chloride 3.5g Potassium Chloride 1.5g Sodium Citrate 2.9g Anhydrous Glucose 20.0g 8.342 g of oral rehydration salts are dissolved in 500 ml of water. 5 ml of the solution is diluted to 100 ml and then 5 ml is taken from the diluted sample and is diluted to 100 ml. The sodium content of the sample is then determined by flame photometry. The sodium salts used to prepare the mixture were: Trisodium citrate hydrate (C6H5Na3O7, 2H2O) MW 294.1 and sodium chloride (NaCl) NW 58.5. Atomic weight of Na = 23. The content of Na in the diluted sample was determined to be 0.3210 mg/100 ml. Determine the % of stated content of Na in the sample. The stated should be 104.5, how??Oceanic uptake of carbon dioxide is thus described:CO2 (g) + H2O ⇔ H2CO3, K = [H2CO3]/PCO2 = 3 x 10-2 M atm-1 H2CO3 ⇔ HCO3- + H+, K = [HCO3-][H+]/[H2CO3] = 9 x 10-7 moles/LHCO3- ⇔ CO32 - + H+, K = [CO32 -][H+]/[HCO3-] = 7 x 10-10 moles/L CaCO3 ⇔ Ca2+ + CO32- Kc = 4 x 10-9 M2 What is the full charge balance equation for this system?
- Oceanic uptake of carbon dioxide is thus described:CO2 (g) + H2O ⇔ H2CO3, K = [H2CO3]/PCO2 = 3 x 10-2 M atm-1 H2CO3 ⇔ HCO3- + H+, K = [HCO3-][H+]/[H2CO3] = 9 x 10-7 moles/LHCO3- ⇔ CO32 - + H+, K = [CO32 -][H+]/[HCO3-] = 7 x 10-10 moles/LCharge balance equation:[H+] = [OH-] + [HCO3-] + 2[CO32 ] If the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere is 300 ppm, what is the pH of the ocean?Dissolve 0.25g NaClI, 0.20g NaHCO3. 0.35g KCI, and 1.5g of glucose in 100 ml distilled water using a 250 mL capacity beaker. Use the formula to create a 60 mL ORS. Based on the given procedure, calculate the total amount of glucose in the prepared solution. (MW: Na: 23, K: 39, CI: 35, H: 1, C: 12, 0: 16) O 83.33 mmol/L 66.91 mmol/L 90.40 mmol/L 71.11 mmol/L O 23.81 mmol/L O 47.30 mmol/LGypsum (CaSO4) is one of common precipitants in brackish water desalination processes. CaSO4 ⇋ Ca2+ + SO42- Ksp = 10-4.6Assume a water containing: [Ca2+] = 10-2.1 M; [SO42-] = 10-3.2 M.(a) Find Qsp or IAP for the given water. (b) Find the solubility index (SI) and determine whether CaSO4 is under, super, or at saturation in the water.
- How many grams of Ba(103)2 (487 g/mol) can be dissolved in 400 mL of water at 25°C. (Ksp of Ba(1O3)2 = 1.57 x 10-9) Ba(103)2 Ba2+ + 2103 O 0.298 g 0.122 g 0.221 g O 0.926 g O 0.143 gIn what proportion may the Manufacturing pharmacist mix 20%, 15%, 5% and 3% ZnO to produce 10% ZnO ointment?b) A carbonate of metal X has the formular X,CO3. The carbonate reacts with hydrochloric acid according to the following equation: X,CO3 + 2HC! → 0.25g of X,CO3 was found to neutralize exactly 23.6cm³ of hydrochloric acid of concentration 0.15moldm? ( RAM for C=12;0=16) i) Calculate the number of moles of hydrochloric acid 2XCl + CO2 +H,0 ii) Calculate the number of moles of X,CO3 iii) Calculate the relative molecular mass of X,CO3 iv) Calculate the relative atomic mass of X and hence deduce its identity c) Propanoic acid is a weak acid with an acid dissociation constant of 1.22x 10°moldm i) Write an equation for the ionization of propanoic acid -3 ii) Calculate the pKa for propanoic acid Lo iii) Sodium propanoate is made by the titration using 0.1M sodium hydroxide with propanoic acid A: Write an equation for the reaction B: Name a suitable indicator for this titration iv) A mixture of sodium propanoate and propanoic acid acts as a buffer solution. What is a buffer solution?