Suppose you are chair of the Federal Reserve in 1995. You believe that potential output follows thedotted line after 1993, but in actuality, it follows the line denoted "True potential output." Thecurrent state of the economy is given by the curve "Actual output." Given the information in thefigure, you _________, because you believe the economy is in a ________, but your advice insteadOUTPUTO1993Truepotentialoutput1995ActualoutputPerceivedpotentialoutputlower interest rates; recession; accelerates inflationTIMEO raise interest rates; boom; accelerates a recessionkeep interest rates the same; boom; accelerates inflationO Not enough information is given.lower interest rates; boom; increases unemployment

A recession is an economic downturn characterized by a significant decline in economic activity that…

Suppose you are chair of the Federal Reserve in 1995. You believe that potential output follows the dotted line after 1993, but in actuality, it follows the line denoted "True potential output." The current state of the economy is given by the curve "Actual output." Given the information in the figure, you because you believe the economy is in a ________, but your advice instead OUTPUT 1993 True potential output Actual output Perceived potential output 1995 TIME O lower interest rates; recession; accelerates inflation O raise interest rates; boom; accelerates a recession O keep interest rates the same; boom; accelerates inflation O Not enough information is given. lower interest rates; boom; increases unemployment

Suppose you are chair of the Federal Reserve in 1995. You believe that potential output follows the dotted line after 1993, but in actuality, it follows the line denoted "True potential output." The current state of the economy is given by the curve "Actual output." Given the information in the figure, you because you believe the economy is in a ________, but your advice instead OUTPUT 1993 True potential output Actual output Perceived potential output 1995 TIME O lower interest rates; recession; accelerates inflation O raise interest rates; boom; accelerates a recession O keep interest rates the same; boom; accelerates inflation O Not enough information is given. lower interest rates; boom; increases unemployment

Principles of Economics (MindTap Course List)

8th Edition

ISBN:9781305585126

Author:N. Gregory Mankiw

Publisher:N. Gregory Mankiw

Chapter33: Aggregate Demand And Aggregate Supply

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 3PA

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You are hired by the Council of Economic Advisors (CEA) as an economic consultant.The chairperson of the CEA tells you that she believes the current unemployment rate istoo high. The unemployment rate can be reduced if aggregate output increases. She wantsto know what policy to pursue to increase aggregate output by 300 billion TL. The bestestimate she has for the MPC is 0.8. Which of the following policies should yourecommend?a) Increase government purchases by 75 billion TL.b) Reduce taxes by 75 billion TL.c) Reduce taxes by 75 billion TL and to increase government purchases by 75 billion TL.d) Reduce the budget deficit by 300 billion TL
Why is the aggregate demand curve downsloping? Specify how your explanation differs from the explanation for the downsloping demand curve for a single product. What role does the multiplier play in shifts of the aggregate demand curve?
COURSE: MACROECONOMICS - IS-LM and/or MUNDELL FLEMING MODELS Refer to 2 different models (and/or conditions) under which an increase in the amount of money circulating in the economy has a NULL impact on GDP. Then, refer to 2 different models (and/or conditions) under which an increase in the amount of money circulating in the economy has a MAXIMUM impact on GDP. EXPLAIN very briefly the mechanism by which each model generates that NULL or MAXIMUM impact on GDP. Hint: 2 conditions under increase of M (money) and how impact null (zero) and maximum on GDP. Example, considering both fiscal or monetary policies or liquidity trap model. Please graph and explain on detail both cases.
2. Consider an economy where aggregate demand AD consists of aggregate con- 1000 and government = sumption C 10+ 0.8Y, aggregate investment I spending G = 800. (a) = (c) (d) What is aggregate demand if aggregate income/output is 10,000? Why is the economy not in equilibrium in that state? Calculate the goods market equilibrium for this economy. (b) Assume that the government increases spending by 20%. Calculate the new goods market equilibrium. What is the multiplier for the change in government spending? Assume now that the country starts trading globally and has Exports and Imports. Assume that imports are given by Im = n Y, with n being the marginal propensity to import. (e) Explain why - with exports and imports - a increase in government spending (e.g., 20%) results in a smaller change in aggregate demand/income in equilibrium than without exports and imports. (You do not have to calculate the new equilibrium.)
2. An introduction to the AD-AS model The aggregate demand and aggregate supply model is a useful simplification of the macroeconomy used to explain short-run fluctuations in economic activity around its long-run trend. The vertical axis of a diagram of the aggregate demand and aggregate supply curves measures which of the following? An economy’s price level The amount of a particular representative good produced in the economy The price of a particular representative good produced in the economy Which of the following are reasons that the short-run aggregate supply curve slopes upward? Check all that apply. As the price level rises, firms expand their production because they can sell their output for more money. As the price level rises, firms find it more profitable to hire workers at any given wage. As the price level rises, firms decrease their investment because it is more expensive to purchase capital.
5. Determine the effect of the following events would on the aggregate demand (AD) curve whether shifting AD to the right (R) or to the left (L). Then indicate reasons why relating to the question 3. Think graphically! (a) After a budget surplus, Congress moves to cut personal income taxes. This will shift AD to the ) because ( increase, decrease ) in consumer spending. (b) A boost in research and development by computer companies produces more powerful and efficient computers and equipment. This will shift AD to the ( ) because ( increase, decrease ) in spending. (c) Income rises in several countries that trade heavily with the U.S. This will shift AD to the ( ) because ( increase, decrease ) in spending. What if prices fall across several industries? Then AD curve will (shift outward, shift inward, not shift ). This is because prices ( are, are not ) a component of AD. Rather, a fall in prices will cause a movement ( upward, downward ) along the AD curve.
10. Consider a one-period economy which experiences the destruction of some of the nation's capital stock (say through a hurricane is de- stroyed). How should this effect equilibrium, consumption, output and labor supply? Now, let's say the government tries to offset some of the declines in capital on output and hours worked by increasing govern- ment spending. What is the likely outcome of this policy intervention in terms of consumption?
P4 AS2 AS, Aggregate output Y Figure 11.3 Refer to Figure 11.3. Hurricane Katrina destroyed a large portion of the infrastructure along the Gulf of Mexico coast. This caused Select one: a. the short-run aggregate supply curve to shift from AS 1 to AS 0- b. the short-run aggregate supply curve to shift from AS 1 to AS 2. c. the economy to move from Point C to Point B along AS 1. d. the economy to move from Point B to Point A along AS 1. Price level
2. In macroeconomic theory, total or aggregate spending is denoted by A and total or aggregateproduction of income by Y. Which one of the following statements is incorrect? A When A is greater than Y, there is disequilibrium and Y will tend to increase.B When A is equal to Y, there is equilibrium and Y will remain unchanged.C When A is less than Y, there is disequilibrium and Y will decrease.D When A is greater than Y, there is disequilibrium and A will decrease.
Aggregate demand is defined as O the relationship between the total quantity of goods and services demanded and the income level, all other determinants of spending unchanged. the relationship between the total quantity of goods and services demanded and the price level, all other determinants of spending unchanged. the demand for goods and services generated by all sectors in the economy, holding price level constant. O the relationship between the total quantity of goods and services demanded and the supply of factors of production, all other determinants of production unchanged.
Suppose that consumer spending initially rises by $5 billion for every 1 percent rise in household wealth and that investment spending initially rises by $20 billion for every 1 percentage point fall in the real interest rate. Also assume that the economy�s multiplier is 3. If household wealth falls by 6 percent because of declining house values, and the real interest rate falls by 2 percentage points, in what direction and by how much will the aggregate demand curve initially shift at each price level? The aggregate demand curve will shift_____ by $____ billion. In what direction and by how much will it eventually shift? The aggregate demand curve will shift_____ by $____ billion..
19. Which of the following statements concerning Keynesian analysis are true? Select one: a. Keynes's analysis started with the recognition that the total quantity demanded of an economy's output was the sum of three types of spending: consumer expenditure, planned investment spending, and government spending. Ob. Keynes recognized that equilibrium would occur in the economy when planned expenditure equals Actual expenditure O c All of the above are true. d. Keynes's analysis involves explaining why aggregate output is at a certain level by understanding what factors affect each component of aggregate demand and how the sum of these components could add up to an output smaller or greater than the economy is capable of producing