Suppose that a firm has the following production function. Also suppose that the only costs the firm experiences are the costs associated with their labor. Workers 0 1 2 3 4 LO 5 67 6 8 9 10 Output per hour 0 12 23 33 42 50 57 63 68 72 75 a., Suppose that the firm is perfectly competitive in both the market for their output and their market for labor. Suppose that the equilibrium price of their product is $10 and that the equilibrium wage for labor is $40/hr. Determine the profit maximizing quantity of labor for the firm to hire.
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- Consider a manufacturing firm in a labor market that isperfectly competitive. There are two kinds of workers: productiveworkers whose marginal revenue product is $48,000 per year, andlazy workers whose marginal revenue product is $40,000 per year. Itis difficult for the firm to differentiate between productive andlazy workers. A local college offers a new yearlong astronomy course. Althoughthe cost of tuition is the same for both types of workers, thepsychic cost of having to work hard and get a passing grade islower for productive workers because they are able to learn morequickly than lazy workers. Therefore, the cost of taking the class(including the cost of tuition as well as the psychic cost) is$5,000 per year for a productive worker and $10,000 per year for alazy worker. Because astronomy has little relevance tomanufacturing, taking the class does not increase or decrease aworker's productivity. The firm uses the class as a way to differentiate betweenproductive and lazy…Gopher Excavators produces shovels in a small factory and sells the shovels in a competitive market. The following table shows the company's production function: Labor Output (Shovels) (Number of workers) 0 0 1 100 2 195 3 275 4 340 5 380 Use the blue points (circle symbol) to plot the production function for Gopher Excavators on the following graph. (?) 400 O -O- 360 Production Function 320 280 240 200 160 120 80 40 0 O 0 2 2 5 LABOR (Number of workers) Calculate the marginal product of labor (MPL) of each worker, and then plot the MPL curve on the following graph using the blue points (circle symbol). Note: Remember to plot each point halfway between two integers. For example, when the number of workers increases from 0 to 1, the MPL of the first worker should be plotted with a horizontal coordinate of 0.5, the value halfway between 0 and 1. Line segments will automatically connect the points. ? 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 OUTPUT (Shovels) MPL (Shovels per worker) 10 0 0 O 1 1 2…Calculate the Average Total Cost for points A & B. Input (Labor) Output TFC TVC TC MC ATC AVC 4. 50 $125 $15 85 $125 $30 O A-S35 -525.83 O 4:52.80 B-5182 OA-S0.36 B-50.s OAS250 BS147 Question 4 Calculate the Average Variable Cost for points A &B Input (Labor) Output TFC TVC TC MC ATC AVC 4. 50 $125 $15 85 $125 $30 OA52.50 -4147 OAS030 -5035
- Recently, the Boeing Commercial Airline Group (BCAG) recorded orders for more than15,000 jetliners and delivered more than 13,000 airplanes. To maintain its outputvolume, this Boeing division combined efforts of capital and more than 90,000 workers.Suppose the European company Airbus enjoys a similar production technology andproduces a similar number of aircraft but that labor costs (including fringe benefits) arehigher in Europe than in the United States.o Please explain whether workers at Airbus have the same marginal product asworkers at Boeing?Suppose that labor is the only input used by aperfectly competitive firm. The firm’s productionfunction is as follows:Days of Labor Units of Output0 days 0 units1 72 133 194 255 286 297 29a. Calculate the marginal product of each additionalworker.b. Each unit of output sells for $10. Calculate thevalue of the marginal product of each worker.c. Compute the demand schedule showing thenumber of workers hired for all wages from zeroto $100 a day.d. Graph the firm’s labor-demand curve.e. What happens to this demand curve if the price ofoutput rises from $10 to $12 per unit?A textile firm in a competitive industry employs a particularly efficient manager torun the operations at its production facility. In the textile industry, a plant managertypically makes a salary of $4,500 per month. The textile firm employing thesuperior manager faces the LAC and LMC curves shown in the figure below. Inlong-run competitive equilibrium, the price of the product is $9 A- typical textile firm in this competitive industry has a minimum long-runaverage cost of $______. The typical textile firm earns economic profit of$______ B-The textile firm with the superior plant manager could earn economic profitof $___________ per month, if no rent is paid to the superior manager C-The superior plant manager is likely to earn a salary of $______ per month,$____________ of which is economic rent
- Item 9 The following graph shows the marginal and average product curves for labor, the firm's only variable input. The monthly wage for labor is $2,000. Fixed cost is $120,000. | APMP 100 80 60 MP AP 60 80 100 120 140 160 20 40 Labor When the firm uses 100 units of labor, what is marginal cost at this level of output? Multiple Choices $33.33 $25 = % O $180 O $90 Ave rage aid m arginal prodictof labor 20A textile firm in a competitive industry employs a particularly efficient manager torun the operations at its production facility. In the textile industry, a plant managertypically makes a salary of $4,500 per month. The textile firm employing thesuperior manager faces the LAC and LMC curves shown in the figure below. Inlong-run competitive equilibrium, the price of the product is $9. a- . If the superior plant manager also owned the textile firm, she would earn$___________ of economic profit. Explain your answerA small specialty cookie company, whose only variable input is labor, finds that the average worker can produce 100 cookies per day, the cost of the average worker is $32 per day, and the price of a cookie is $1.00. Is the firm maximizing profit? The firm O A. is not maximizing profit because the marginal revenue product of labor is greater than the wage. O B. is not maximizing profit because the marginal revenue product of labor is less than the wage. O C. is maxinmizing profit because the marginal product of labor is greater than the wage. O D. is not maximizing profit because the price of the output is not equal to the wage. O E. is not maximizing profit because the marginal product of labor is greater than the wage.
- Coldbox Corporation hires its workers in a perfectly competitive labor market and produces and sells frozen peas in a perfectly competitive product market. The market price for frozen peas is $4 per bag. The table below shows Coldbox' short-run production of frozen peas. Labor is the only variable input. Coldbox Corporation's fixed cost is $500. Number of Workers Bags of frozen peas 0 0 1 60 2 140 3 250 4 320 5 380 6 400 a) If the wage is $200 per worker, identify the profit-maximizing number of workers for Coldbox. Explain using marginal analysis. b) If the price of frozen peas decreases by $2 per bag, would the number of workers hired by Coldbox be more than, less than, or equal to the number of workers you identified in part (a) ? Explain. c) Suppose that Coldbox hires workers from a monopsonistic labor market. Would the wage be higher, lower, or equal to the equilibrium wage in a perfectly competitive market? Explain.Suppose college graduates earn $25 an hour and high school graduates earn $5 an hour. Suppose too that the marginal product of college graduates at Johnson Tools is 8 hammers per hour, while the marginal product of high school graduates is 4 hammers per hour (regardless of the number of each type of worker employed). a. What is the least-cost production method for producing 100 hammers in an eight-hour day? O Hire one-third college graduates and two-thirds high school graduates. O Hire two-thirds college graduates and one-third high school graduates. Hire only high school graduates. Hire half college graduates and half high school graduates. O Hire only college graduates. b. What if the marginal product of high school graduates was instead 2? O Hire half college graduates and half high school graduates. Hire only high school graduates. O Hire two-thirds college graduates and one-third high school graduates. O Hire only college graduates. O Hire one-third college graduates and…A manager hires labor and rents capital equipment in a very competitive market. Currently the wage rate is $7 per hour and capital is rented at $11 per hour. If the marginal product of labor is 65 units of output per hour and the marginal product of capital is 55 units of output per hour, should the firm increase, decrease, or leave unchanged the amount of capital used in its production process? O The firm should leave capital unchanged. O The firm should increase capital. O The firm should decrease capital.