substance chemical symbol, chemical formula or Lewis structure boiling point A B C F2 H: 0: | || H-C C. I H - H (Choose one) : 0 : O-H (Choose one) H-C-F: (Choose one) H D H :0: | || H-C-C-F: I H (Choose one) O
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- Define formal charge and explain how to calculate it. What is the purpose of the formal charge? Organic compounds are composed mostly of carbon and hydrogen but also may have oxygen, nitrogen, and/or halogens in the formula. Formal charge arguments work very well for organic compounds when drawing the best Lewis structure. How do C, H, N, O, and Cl satisfy the octet rule in organic compounds so as to have a formula charge of zero?What is meant by a chemical bond? Why do atoms form bonds with each other? Why do some elements exist as molecules in nature instead of as free atoms?Acrylonitrile is the building block of the synthetic fiber Orlon. Acrylonitrile Which carbon-carbon bond is shorter? Which carbon-carbon bond is stronger? Which bond is the most polar? What is the partial negative end of that bond?
- Methylcyanoacrylate is the active ingredient in super glues. Its Lewis structure is In this molecule, which is the (a) weakest carbon-containing bond? (b) strongest carbon-containing bond? (c) most polar bond?Distinguish between the terms electronegativity versus electron affinity, covalent bond versus ionic bond, and pure covalent bond versus polar covalent bond. Characterize the types of bonds in terms of electronegativity difference. Energetically, why do ionic and covalcnt bonds form?Chloromethane has the Lewis structure _______________________________ The carbon atom is sharing 4 electron pairs. In each shared pair the carbon atom “owns” 1 electron. The number of electrons that “belong” to carbon is ___. Carbon, being a Group ___ element would have 4 , outer shell electrons in the unbonded, neutral state. Therefore, the carbon atom in chloromethane has a formal charge of zero.
- Examples: Example: H▬N▬H HIN: Examples: :F Н lone pair : -bond pair (2 e-) single bond :F: Non-Polar 8+. H :F: H:Cl: HCl:o is better represented as closer to Cl due to its greater electronegativity. Thus, HCl contains a polar covalent bond. H :0: Polar lone pair 8- :S H -S= :0: 2 bond pairs (4 e-) double bond because the bond electrons are pulled F: Pola✔nk the elements or compounds in the table below in decreasing order of their boiling points. That is, choose 1 next to the substance with the highest Bolling puint, choose 2 next to the substance with the next highest boiling point, and so on. substance A B C D chemical symbol, chemical formula or Lewis structure H H-C-F: H :O: | || HIC-C-F: 1 H H H H :O: | || HIC-C-0-H F₂ boiling point ✓ (Choose one) 1 (highest) 2 34 4 (lowest) (Choose one) ✓ (Choose one) ✓ (Choose one) ✓Decide whether the Lewis structure proposed for each molecule is reasonable or not. molecule proposed Lewis structure 9 CIF 3 BH3 :0 0-0: :F- FIN: :F: :ö: || : F: -F: H B H 1 H Is this a reasonable structure? If not, why not? OYes, it's a reasonable structure. O No, the total number of valence electrons is wrong. The correct number is: O No, some atoms have the wrong number of electrons around them. The symbols of the problem atoms are: OO Yes, it's a reasonable structure. O No, the total number of valence electrons is wrong. The correct number is: O No, some atoms have the wrong number of electrons around them. The symbols of the problem atoms are: OYes, it's a reasonable structure. O No, the total number of valence electrons is wrong. The correct number is: O No, some atoms have the wrong number of electrons around them. The symbols of the problem atoms are: 0 * If two or more atoms have the wrong number of valence electrons around them, just enter the chemical symbol for the atom as…
- Decide whether these proposed Lewis structures are reasonable. proposed Lewis structure H : 0: - C. | : 0: : 0: H H O H-CEN: H Is the proposed Lewis structure reasonable? Yes. No, it has the wrong number of valence electrons. The correct number is: No, it has the right number of valence electrons but doesn't satisfy the octet rule. The symbols of the problem atoms are:* Yes. No, it has the wrong number of valence electrons. The correct number is: No, it has the right number of valence electrons but doesn't satisfy the octet rule. The symbols of the problem atoms are:* 0 Yes. No, it has the wrong number of valence electrons. The correct number is: No, it has the right number of valence electrons but doesn't satisfy the octet rule. The symbols of the problem atoms are:* * If two or more atoms of the same element don't satisfy the octet rule, just enter the chemical symbol as many times as necessary. For example, if two oxygen atoms don't satisfy the octet rule, enter "O,O". X 5Decide whether the Lewis structure proposed for each molecule is reasonable or not. molecule OF₂2 H₂ BO3 proposed Lewis structure : 0: || 0 = :0: O-S- || :0: || H-O-B-O-H | :0: H Is this a reasonable structure? If not, why not? O Yes, it's a reasonable structure. O No, the total number of valence electrons is wrong. The correct number is: O No, some atoms have the wrong number of electrons around them. The symbols of the problem atoms are: 0 O Yes, it's a reasonable structure. O No, the total number of valence electrons is wrong. The correct number is: O No, some atoms have the wrong number of electrons around them. The symbols of the problem atoms are: 0 O Yes, it's a reasonable structure. O No, the total number of valence electrons is wrong. The correct number is: O No, some atoms have the wrong number of electrons around them. The symbols of the problem atoms are: 0 * If two or more atoms have the wrong number of valence electrons around them, just enter the chemical symbol for the…O ||| crosoft C W W Microsoft esc Microsoft 6.52.210... ~ Calculating formal charge A student proposes the following Lewis structure for the ozone (03) molecule. V :0-0-0 Assign a formal charge to each atom in the student's Lewis structure. atom central O left O ! 1 Explanation right O formal charge 2 0 U 0 Check 9,002 > a # 3 X DEC 8 $ 4 G E buty % 5 tv ♫ A 6 7 2022
