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Work backwards from the new bond formed in the Michael addition. Deduce the structures of the two neutral reactants required to give the Michael product.
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- Enamines can serve as enolate surrogates in reactions at the a-carbon. In the reaction sequence, the structures of the enamine addition product – the initial zwitterion and its neutral tautomer – are shown. Draw the structures of the two reactants forming these intermediates, and draw the structure of the final product, obtained via hydrolysis of the neutral intermediate. initial zwitterionic intermediate neutral intermediate tautomerization Reactants H,0 hydrolysis product Draw the two reactants. Draw the hydrolysis product. Select Draw Rings More Erase Select Draw Rings More Erase H HEnamines can serve as enolate surrogates in reactions at the a-carbon. In the following reaction sequence, the structures of the enamine addition product – the initial zwitterion and its neutral tautomer – are shown. Draw the structures of the two reactants forming these intermediates, and draw the structure of the final product, obtained via hydrolysis the neutral intermediate. reactants initial zwitterionic intermediate tautomerization hydrolysis product neutral intermediate NH н,о Н,о ↑Show the two (neutral) organic starting materials that would be used to synthesize the following compound via a Robinson Annulation reaction. from
- Given the information pictured, The final step of the reaction sequence uses PhLi. Provide a reason and possible mechanism by which this final elimination and hydrolysis reaction would occur.Give the reaction mechanism for ETHYNE and bromine solution. Draw and explain the steps of the reaction mechanism.a) Write out the first 3 steps only(to the tetrahedral intermediate shown) in the 6-step arrow pushing mechanism showing how ethyl propanoate is hydrolyzed in acid to form propanoic acidand ethanol. b) NaOH/H2O also serveto hydrolyze an ester; briefly explain why NaOH/H2Ois generally preferable.
- The two reactions that follow involve nucleophilic substitution at an acyl carbon. For each reaction, show the electrophile and the nucleophile in the key bond- forming step, the corresponding tetrahedral addition intermediate, and the leaving group in the bond-breaking step. Write a general mechanistic scheme (use curved arrows to show bond-making and bond-breaking processes) for these reactions, keeping in mind that acid- and base-catalyzed processes will differ in their timing of proton transfers. 00 || || PhCOCPh+ C₂H5OH 00 |||| PhCOCPh+ 2 CH3NH H₂SO4 cat. O PhCOC₂H5+ PhCO₂H PhCNCHg + CH3NH PhCOIn paragraph/essay form:Provide an explanation (in detail) on how base catalysts speed up nucleophilic reactions of carbonyl compounds.The conjugate base of diethyl malonate can serve as a nucleophile to attack a wide range of electrophiles. Identify the product that is formed when the conjugate base of diethyl malonate reacts with the following electrophile followed by acid workup when relevant: Modify the provided structures of diethyl malonate and the given electrophile to draw the product formed. Note: the eraser tool can be used to erase bonds, and atoms can be moved by selecting them with the selector tool and then dragging the selected atom(s) to a new position. If you make a mistake, you can use Ctrl-Z or the Undo tool. бль EtO OEt Edit Drawing
- The conjugate base of diethyl malonate can serve as a nucleophile to attack a wide range of electrophiles. Identify the product that is formed when the conjugate base of diethyl malonate reacts with the following electrophile followed by acid workup when relevant: Modify the provided structures of diethyl malonate and the given electrophile to draw the product formed. Note: the eraser tool can be used to erase bonds, and atoms can be moved by selecting them with the selector tool and then dragging the selected atom(s) to a new position. If you make a mistake, you can use Ctrl-Z or the Undo tool. OH -CH₂ CH₂ Edit DrawingCarbodiimides are excellent coupling agents to use to allow an amide or ester coupling to occur under milder conditions. DCC (dicyclohexylcarbodiimide) is extremely common, but the byproduct is insoluble and can contaminate products, whereas other coupling agents have different byproducts with different products. DIC (diisopropylcarbodiimide) and its byproduct are soluble and are easily removed from a solid-phase synthesis. Draw a full mechanism for the amide coupling shown below using DIC as a coupling agent. OH CH3NH₂ -N=C=N- base HINT: The first step of the mechanism uses the organic base to deprotonate something... lohexane as When doing solid-phase peptide synthesis, it is vitally important to get the amino acids in the correct order. However, all amino acids have an amine handle and a carboxylic acid handle, so it's easy to couple an amino acid with itself or in the wrong sequence. How can a chemist ensure that they make only the sequence Gly-Ala-Arg, without ending up with the…Fill in the appropriate reagent or starting material in each of the following reactions.