Secretory IgA produced in the epithelium of mucosal surfaces has several functions in protective immunity. Am pathogens or toxins in the gastrointestinal tract lumen or in epithelial ce!l endosomes, neutralization of pathoge epithelial barrier, and transport of pathogens or toxins across M cells for delivery to lamina propria dendritic cel the common feature that they: Are efficient at inducing opsonization of pathogens for uptake by phagocytes O Are efficient at inducing complement activation O Fail to completely protect the epithelium from cytotoxic effects of pathogens O Fail to induce lotal inflammation in the gastrointestinal epithelium Mice lacking the poly Ig receptor (plgR) have an immunodeficiency disease characterized by increased suscept and an increase in the penetration of commensal microbes into the body's tissues. Yet, a genetic deficlency in the antibodies is the most common form of human immunodeficiency, and is generally a mild disease and often ever

Secretory IgA produced in the epithelium of mucosal surfaces has several functions in protective immunity. Am pathogens or toxins in the gastrointestinal tract lumen or in epithelial ce!l endosomes, neutralization of pathoge epithelial barrier, and transport of pathogens or toxins across M cells for delivery to lamina propria dendritic cel the common feature that they: Are efficient at inducing opsonization of pathogens for uptake by phagocytes O Are efficient at inducing complement activation O Fail to completely protect the epithelium from cytotoxic effects of pathogens O Fail to induce lotal inflammation in the gastrointestinal epithelium Mice lacking the poly Ig receptor (plgR) have an immunodeficiency disease characterized by increased suscept and an increase in the penetration of commensal microbes into the body's tissues. Yet, a genetic deficlency in the antibodies is the most common form of human immunodeficiency, and is generally a mild disease and often ever

Anatomy & Physiology

1st Edition

ISBN:9781938168130

Author:Kelly A. Young, James A. Wise, Peter DeSaix, Dean H. Kruse, Brandon Poe, Eddie Johnson, Jody E. Johnson, Oksana Korol, J. Gordon Betts, Mark Womble

Publisher:Kelly A. Young, James A. Wise, Peter DeSaix, Dean H. Kruse, Brandon Poe, Eddie Johnson, Jody E. Johnson, Oksana Korol, J. Gordon Betts, Mark Womble

Chapter21: The Lymphatic And Immune System

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 3ILQ: Visit this website (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/chemotaxis) to learn about phagocyte chemotaxis....

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A patient develops a blood infection with a capsule-producing strain of E. coli. Phagocytosis by macrophage will be essential to destroy the bacteria and resolve the infection. Which of the following will be dirertly required to allow ADCC-opsonization of the encapsulated E. coli: O Toll-like receptor (TLR)-induced secretion of tumor necrosis factor alpha O Release of C3a to the extracellular fluids O Presence of MHC II on the surface of the macrophage O Presence of IgG receptors (Fc-gamma-R) on the macrophage All of the answers apply
Gram negative cell walls contain lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as a unique component. All of the following apply to LPS EXCEPT O LPS is composed of mycolic acids that protect the cell from phagocytosis LPS is a PAMP that can be recognized by toll-like receptors (TLRS) as a foreign molecule fo rphagocytosis O LPS can be a target for specific IgG for ADCC-opsonization LPS can be recognized by B cells in the aosence of MHC molecules All of the answers apply, no exception O LPS is found in the outer membrane of Gram negative cells
Describe the complement system. Is the order ofprotein interactions important? Why or why not?Identify the components of the mannose-binding lectinpathway for complement activation.
Visit this website (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/chemotaxis) to learn about phagocyte chemotaxis. Phagocyte chemotaxis is the movement of phagocytes according to the secretion of chemical messengers in the form of interleukins and other chemokines. By what means does a phagocyte destroy a bacterium that it has ingested?
Macrophages perform the final job of removingtissue debris and other products of infection.Indicate some of the possible effects when thesescavengers cannot successfully complete thework of phagocytosis.
Some Type-II immunopathology mediated autoimmune diseases have manifestations inmultiple different organs. Discuss how antibodies to one single antigen can cause damage inmultiple sites throughout the body. Things you might discuss include, but are not limited towhere the antigen could be expressed, how antibodies are made, how they bind antigen,where they circulate, the ratios of antigen to antibody, mechanisms of the immune systemthat result in cellular/tissue damage, or how immune system components can affect otherorgans. You might also comment on what makes one antigen an attractive target rather thananother. Please do NOT comment on all the things listed above, they are just to get youthinking. If you are having trouble getting started, it might help to think about a specificdisease which affects multiple organs.
Kinase and coagulase are important for bacterial infections because they enable bacteria to move deeper into tissue by means of a blood clot. What type of virulence factors are these two enzymes? O Incomplete phagocytes Extracellular enzymes O Antiphagocytic factors O Endotoxins MacBook Air 888 F7 esc 4 6. 3 Q E F A
Which of the following complement components are generated during the classical pathway and bind independently to the membrane surface promoting immune adherence and opsonizing effects? C3b O C3d O C1q O C2
During inflammaion, host tissue may be damaged owing to the release of toxic oxygen derivatives produced by activated phagocytes. List some of hese toxic species and explain what cellular/biochemical mechanisms limit these damaging off-target effects.
Discuss the process an antigen presenting phagocyte [macrophages and dendritic cells] uses toidentify and move a target into the cell and its lysosomes – phagocytosis. Make sure you discussthe opsonins and their receptors.
Knowing the virulence factors of Streptococcus pyogenes, is the M protein more likely to be antigenic than a polysaccharide capsule? Why?
hello sir how are u Explain in detail about sequential event leading to foreign body reaction that lead to formation of foreign body giant cells formation??