QUESTION 17 Cashews (pounds) 150 Pakistan 240 Cotton (bolts) Cashews (pounds) 120 Indonesia Refer to Figure 2-7. Which country has a comparative advantage in the production of cashews? ONeither country OPakistan OThey have equal productive capabilities. OIndonesia 320 Cotton (bolts)
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- Brazil can produce 100 pounds of beef or 10 autos. In contrast the United States can produce 40 pounds of beef or 30 autos. Which country has the absolute advantage in beef? Which country has the absolute advantage in producing autos? What is the opportunity cost of producing one pound of beef In Brazil? What is the opportunity cost of producing one pound of beef in the United States?True or False: The source of comparative advantage must be natural elements like climate and mineral deposits. Explain.How does comparative advantage lead to gains from trade?
- Under what conditions does comparative advantage lead to gains from trade?scenario Production Advantage and Opportunity CostsAssume there are two countries, the United States and France, and two goods, automobiles andcomputers.The table presented below shows the number of automobiles and computers that the United States andFrance can produce with the same amount of resources.United States FranceAutomobiles 120 100Computers 60 55Source: Pearson Education Inc. 1.1 Which country has an absolute advantage in computer production? Motivate your answer.1.2 Which country has a comparative advantage in the production of automobiles? Motivateyour answer. 1.3 Assume these countries trade with one another under the conditions of free trade. Whichcountry will specialise in the production of automobiles? Motivate your answer. 1.4 If free trade exists between the United States and France, what are the highest and lowestlevels for the price of an automobile (expressed in terms of computers)? Motivate youranswer by stating which level favours the United States and France.Estonia Finland One Cell Phone 40 hours 15 hours Lumber (per board foot) 8 hours 4 hours Table 2-5 shows the number of labor hours required to produce a cell phone and a board foot of lumber in Estonia and Finland. Refer to Table 2-5. Does either Estonia or Finland have a comparative advantage and if so, in what product? O Both countries have the comparative advantage in both lumber and cellphones. O Estonia has an comparative advantage in lumber while Finland has the comparative advantage in cellphones. O Finland has an comparative advantage in lumber while Estonia has the comparative advantage in cellphones. O cannot be determined.
- LENTILS (Millions of pounds) 80 70 8 60 50 40 30 20 10 + 0 0 PPF 10 Shenandoah 20 30 40 50 60 PEAS (Millions of pounds) 70 80 (?) LENTILS (Millions of pounds) 80 70 60 50 40 30 PPF 20 10 0 0 T 10 Denali 40 20 30 50 60 PEAS (Millions of pounds) 70 80 (?) Shenandoah has a comparative advantage in the production of , while Denali has a comparative advantage in the production of . Suppose that Shenandoah and Denali specialize in the production of the goods in which each has a comparative advantage. After specialization, the two countries can produce a total of peas. million pounds of lentils and million pounds of Suppose that Shenandoah and Denali agree to trade. Each country focuses its resources on producing only the good in which it has a comparative advantage. The countries decide to exchange 20 million pounds of peas for 20 million pounds of lentils. This ratio of goods is known as the price of trade between Shenandoah and Denali. The following graph shows the same PPF for Shenandoah…BASIL (Millions of pounds) 96 84 72 60 48 36 24 12 0 0 PPF I I Glacier 36 A 12 24 48 60 72 ALMONDS (Millions of pounds) 84 96 (?) Glacier has a comparative advantage in the production of production of BASIL (Millions of pounds) 96 84 72 60 48 36 24 12 0 0 PPF 1 12 Rainier basil comparative advantage. After specialization, the two countries can produce a total of of basil. A 24 ALMONDS (Millions of pounds) 36 48 60 72 84 96 almonds while Rainier has a comparative advantage in the . Suppose that Glacier and Rainier specialize in the production of the goods in which each has a million pounds of almonds and million pounds IWith reference to Table 2 below, indicate in what commodity the U.S. and the Philippines have a comparative advantage? Table 2 COMMODITY U.S. Philippines Wheat (bushels/man-hour) 7 1 Rice (sacks/man-hour) 4 3
- Suppose there are two countries Peru and Japan that produces 7,523 units ofFood or 17,853 units of Fuel using a labour force of 8000. Japan can produce 5,733 units of Food or 24,156 units of Fuel using a labour force of 5,000. d) Which country has the comparative advantage in food? In fuel? Explain. e) Which good(s) should each country specialized in?Brazil can produce 100 pounds of beef or 10 autos. In contrast the United States can produce 40 pounds of beef or 30 autos. Which country has the absolute advantage in beef? Which country has the absolute advantage in producingautos?WhatistheopportunitycostofproducingonepoundofbeefinBrazil?Whatistheopportunitycost of producing one pound of beef in the United States?The table below gives the number of cars, or of coal tons, that a typical worker in the given country can produce per week. (a) Which country, if either, has an absolute advantage? (b) What is the comparative advantage, if one exists, for each country? (c) Calculate potential gains from trade, if any exist. (d) What lesson do you draw this example about the gains from trade? Country Cars Coal tons Kazakhstan 6 6 Russia 3 3