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- Many changes are affecting the market for oil. Predict how each of the following events will affect the equilibrium price and quantity in the market for oil. In each case, state how the event will affect the supply and demand diagram. Create a sketch of the diagram if necessary. Cars are becoming more fuel efficient, and therefore get more miles to the gallon. The winter is exceptionally cold. A major discovery of new oil is made off the coast of Norway. The economies of some major oil-using nations, like Japan, slow down. A war in the Middle East disrupts oil-pumping schedules. Landlords install additional insulation in buildings. The price of solar energy falls dramatically. Chemical companies invent a new, popular kind of plastic made from oil.If a 10 decrease in the price of one product that you buy causes an 8 increase in quantity demanded of that product, will another 10 decrease in the price cause another 3 increase (no more and no less) in quantity demanded?As a general rule, is it safe to assume that a change in the price of a good will always have its most significant impact on the quantity demanded of that good, rather than on the quantity demanded of miller goods? Explain.
- How can you locate the equilibrium point on a demand and supply graph?What is the difference between the demand and the quantity demanded of a product, say milk? Explain in words and show the difference on a graph with a demand curve for milk.What does a downward-sloping demand curve mean about how buyers in a market will react to a higher price?
- Table 3.9 illustrates the markets demand and supply for cheddar cheese. Graph the data and find the equilibrium. Next, create a table showing the change in quantity demanded or quantity supplied, and a graph of the new equilibrium, in each of the following situations: The price of milk, a key input for cheese production, rises, so that the supply decreases by 80 pounds at every price. A new study says that eating cheese is good for your health, so that demand increases by 20 at every price.What is the relationship between quantity Demanded and quantity supplied at equilibrium? What is the relationship when there is a shortage? What is the relationship when them is a surplus?Select the correct answer. A price floor will usually shift: demand supply both neither Illustrate your answer with a diagram.
- Review Figure 3.4. Suppose the price of gasoline is 1.60 per gallon. Is the quantity demanded higher or lower than at the equilibrium price of 1.40 per gallon? What about the quantity supplied? Is there a shortage or a surplus in the market? If so, how much? Figure 3.4 Demand and Supply of GasolineWould you expect supply to play a more significant role in determining the price of a basic necessity like food or a luxury like perfume? Explain. Hint: Think about how the price elasticity of demand will differ between necessities and luxuries.