please compare skin and gills system and tracheal system by discussing the differences and similarities in the system's responses to two environmental factors (temperature and concentrations gradient)
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please compare skin and gills system and tracheal system by discussing the differences and similarities in the system's responses to two environmental factors (temperature and concentrations gradient)
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- Please compare tracheal systems vs. avian lungs by discussing the differences and similarities in the system's responses to temperature and concentration gradientIn spiders, gas exchange is supplied by (mark all that apply) book lungs book gills Malpighian tubules epidermis tracheae spiracles green glands Home DepotAfter you read about hemophilia C later in this chapter, explain whether it would affect the extrinsic mechanism, the intrinsicmechanism, or both.
- In cytokine storm, what are three things that happen to reduce gas exchange? swelling increases distance between alveoli & circulatory system oxygen builds up in the alveoli red blood cells invade the alveoli carbon dioxide builds up in the alveoli fluid fills up alveoli scar tissue forms making lungs more flexible hyaline membrane forms making lungs less flexibleScenario: A patient arrives in the emergency room after struggling to breathe and is subsequently diagnosed with asthma. In this disease state the patient's airways can significantly decrease in radius. They noted that they were exercising when the episode occurred. Question Stem: Considering the patient was exercising before the attack, their muscle tissue pH was lower than normal. Which of the attached hemoglobin dissociation curves would best represent the state of the hemoglobin in the individual at that point in time? Answers A - B A Curve 2 Curve 1Think about the wall of a small bronchiole during a severe allergic response. Explain, as specifically as you can, why the following different medications could be administered and their mechanism of action to increase airflow (include receptors, receptor subTYPES, downstream intracellular effects and consequences. -Albuterol-Atrovent-Epi-pen-Inhaled corticosteroids (like prednisone)-Anti-histamine (like Benadryl)
- Which one of the following statements about the afferent components of the respiratory control system is INCORRECT? Select one: a. In order to stimulate hyperventilation the sympathetic nervous system tricks the carotid body by constricting the capillaries that serve glomus cells; reduced blood flow to the cell causes localised hypoxia triggering a compensatory hyperventilation response even before systemic hypoxia is apparent. b. In type 1 glomus cells of the carotid bodies, hypoxia, hypercapnia and acidosis trigger afferent signalling by inhibiting K+ channels, depolarising the cell membrane, and opening voltage-gated Ca2+ channels that trigger the release of neurotransmitters onto afferent glossopharyngeal nerve fibres. c. Chemoreceptor cells can be found in the carotid body. d. The glossopharyngeal nerve transmits afferent impulses from the carotid body to the ventral respiratory group of neurons.If water passed over the gills of fish in the same direction as blood flow through the capillaries, how would gas exchange be affected? Select all correct choices. More oxygen would diffuse from the water into the fish's bloodstream. Less oxygen would diffuse from the water into the fish's bloodstream. More carbon dioxide would diffuse out of the fish's bloodstream into the water. Less carbon dioxide would diffuse out of the fish's bloodstream into the water. Gas exchange would remain the same, regardless of the direction of water flow.Please choose the correct dependency relationship. (A) Clearance (CL) depends on elimination rate constant (k) and volume of distribution (V) (B) Volume of distribution (V) depends on clearance (CL) and elimination rate constant (k) (C) Eliminate rate constant (k) depends on clearance (CL) and volume of distribution (V)
- What prevents overinflation of the lungs? partial pressure of oxygen in alveoli baroreceptors in aortic arch stretch receptors in the lungs the hypothalamusPut the following in order by numbering from 1 to 5 - Diaphragm contracts and flattens and ribs elevate - The diaphragm returns to its dome shape resting position - The thoracic cavity increases in volume - Air inters the lungs due to a lower pressure gradient than atmospheric pressure - A subatmospheric pressure is created in the lungs1. Gas exchange in terrestrial versus aquatic environments follows similar physical laws but there are also important differences. Using Fick's law, identify the MAIN factor that is different between these two environments? a) Everything is different in water b) Barrier thickness c) Diffusion coefficient d) Diffusion rate 2. Gills are used by most aquatic invertebrates for gas exchange. What are some of the characteristics they have that make them and ideal gas exchange organ? Select all that apply. a) They are highly folded (increasing surface area) b) They are never used in hypoxic environments (increasing concentration gradient) c) They are only possessed by small organisms (decreasing length) d) They are thin-walled (decreasing barrier thickness).
