Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter22: Organic And Biological Molecules
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 4RQ: Summarize the nomenclature rules for alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, and aromatic compounds. Correct the...
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Question
I need help with the drawing of the reactants, products, and catalyst on the arrow
![Title: Summary of Organic Reactions
Hydrohalogenation of Alkenes
Image: (insert your drawing of the reactants, products,
and catalyst on the arrow)
Reactants: Alkene and Hydrogen Halide (HBr, HCI,
etc.)
Product: Alkyl halide
Catalyst: Usually none, but can be a Lewis acid (e.g.
FeBr3) in some cases
Reaction: The hydrogen atom in the hydrogen halide
bonds to the carbon atom within the double bond that
already has more hydrogen atoms, which follows
Markovnikov's rule.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F583ea9b9-b93f-4297-ab6f-ec3ac9c33d4a%2Fedb97884-caab-45f7-b5bf-8a08471ec964%2F7ajvnwi_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:Title: Summary of Organic Reactions
Hydrohalogenation of Alkenes
Image: (insert your drawing of the reactants, products,
and catalyst on the arrow)
Reactants: Alkene and Hydrogen Halide (HBr, HCI,
etc.)
Product: Alkyl halide
Catalyst: Usually none, but can be a Lewis acid (e.g.
FeBr3) in some cases
Reaction: The hydrogen atom in the hydrogen halide
bonds to the carbon atom within the double bond that
already has more hydrogen atoms, which follows
Markovnikov's rule.
![Hydrogenation of Alkynes
Image: (insert your drawing of the reactants, products,
and catalyst on the arrow)
Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons that can undergo
combustion, halogenation, and cracking reactions.
Alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons that contain at
least one carbon-to-carbon double bond. They can
undergo addition reactions with hydrogen, halogens,
and water. They can also undergo oxidation and
polymerization reactions.
Alkynes are unsaturated hydrocarbons that contain at
least one carbon-to-carbon triple bond. They can
undergo many of the same reactions as alkenes, but
can also react twice because of the two Pi bonds in the
triple-bond. When an alkyne is hydrogenated, you add
hydrogen atoms across the triple-bonds so that either a
double-bond remains, or only single bonds are present
in the compound. If the final product contains a
carbon-to-carbon double-bond, it becomes an alkene.
If only single bonds are present, then an alkane is
produced.
Reactants: Alkyne and Hydrogen gas (H2)
Product: Alkene or Alkane
Catalyst: Usually Palladium (Pd), Platinum (Pt), or
Nickel (Ni)
Reaction: The triple bond in the alkyne is broken and
replaced with a single bond by the addition of hydrogen
atoms across the triple bond. If the final product
contains a carbon-to-carbon double-bond, it becomes
an alkene. If only single bonds are present, then an
alkane is produced.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F583ea9b9-b93f-4297-ab6f-ec3ac9c33d4a%2Fedb97884-caab-45f7-b5bf-8a08471ec964%2Folmzxvr_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:Hydrogenation of Alkynes
Image: (insert your drawing of the reactants, products,
and catalyst on the arrow)
Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons that can undergo
combustion, halogenation, and cracking reactions.
Alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons that contain at
least one carbon-to-carbon double bond. They can
undergo addition reactions with hydrogen, halogens,
and water. They can also undergo oxidation and
polymerization reactions.
Alkynes are unsaturated hydrocarbons that contain at
least one carbon-to-carbon triple bond. They can
undergo many of the same reactions as alkenes, but
can also react twice because of the two Pi bonds in the
triple-bond. When an alkyne is hydrogenated, you add
hydrogen atoms across the triple-bonds so that either a
double-bond remains, or only single bonds are present
in the compound. If the final product contains a
carbon-to-carbon double-bond, it becomes an alkene.
If only single bonds are present, then an alkane is
produced.
Reactants: Alkyne and Hydrogen gas (H2)
Product: Alkene or Alkane
Catalyst: Usually Palladium (Pd), Platinum (Pt), or
Nickel (Ni)
Reaction: The triple bond in the alkyne is broken and
replaced with a single bond by the addition of hydrogen
atoms across the triple bond. If the final product
contains a carbon-to-carbon double-bond, it becomes
an alkene. If only single bonds are present, then an
alkane is produced.
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