mammals, body temperature is controlled by a structure in the brain called the hypothalamus. The hypothalamus is able to sense even slight variations in body temperature. This structure is responsible for bodily responses that include thirst, the activation of sweat glands, and the dilation of blood vessels near the skin. Each of these mechanisms works to restore body temperature to a normal range.
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- In the negative feedback system for regulation of body temperature. Identify the following. 1. Stimulus 2. Receptor 3. Control Center 4. Effector 5. ResponseIt is a warm day and you feel a little chilly. On checking your temperature, you find that your body temperature is 1.5 degrees below normal. Suggest 3 possible reasons for this situation. Describe briefly how your body will react to this dip in temperature.Which of the following is the best explanation of the relationship shown in the graphs below? Glycogen Levels in Calf Muscle during Treadmill Running Reported Effort during extreme Treadmill Running normal 75%- heavy 50%- moderate 25%- light- 0 3 0 1 2 2 time (hours) time (hours) At extreme levels of effort, glycogen levels are normal At light levels of effort, glycogen levels are at 25% At light levels of effort, glycogen levels are at normal At extreme levels of effort, glycogen levels are at 75% muscle glycogen level O effort level
- If daytime body temperature of some ectotherms were measured, the values would be fairly constant. Provide an explanation for such observations, giving some possible mechanisms that might be involvedThermoregulation is the process by which animals maintain an internal temperature within a tolerable range. Which of the following statement is NOT TRUE about Thermoregulation ? Lütfen birini seçin: O a. Endothermic animals generate heat by metabolism O b. Ectothermic animals gain heat from external sources O c. In general, ectotherms tolerate greater variation in internal temperature, while endotherms are active at a greater range of external temperatures O d. Ectothermy is more energetically expensive than endothermyWhich of the following responses is an effector activated by the hypothalamus when the body temperature is lower than the set point? skin blood vessels dilate skeletal muscles contract move to a warmer location or put on a sweater weat glands initiate sweating
- Autism is a condition that is generally characterized by difficulties in communicating, understanding abstract concepts, and forming relationships with other people. Recent studies show that children with autism tend to have low levels of oxytocin. Oxytocin nasal spray has been tried as a medical intervention. List two main functions of oxytocin in the body.The hormone insulin enhances the transport of glucose (sugar) from the blood into most body cells. Its secretion is controlled by a negative-feedback system between the concentration of glucose in the blood and the insulin-secreting cells. Therefore, which of the following statements is correct? A decrease in blood glucose concentration stimulates insulin secretion, which in turn further towers blood glucose concentration. An increase in blood glucose concentration stimulates insulin secretion, which in turn lowers blood glucose concentration. A decrease in blood glucose concentration stimulates insulin secretion, which in turn increases blood glucose concentration. An increase in blood glucose concentration stimulates insulin secretion, which in turn further increases blood glucose concentration. None of the preceding is correct.In preparation for serious competitions, athletes train in high altitude conditions (about 2-3 km above sea level) for a month or more. During warm-ups, even in the warm season, athletes wear insulated suits (warm muscles). Extremely rarely are “violators” who additionally use a pharmacological preparation containing a hormone to enhance the physiological effect of training in the mountains. Questions: 1. What do training in highlands give? 2. Why do you need to warm up your muscles? 3. What hormone are we talking about, and what is its physiological significance? 4. What blood indicator can change with prolonged exposure to high mountains with a negative value for the body?