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- Changes in the bacterial genome can lead to resistance to antimicrobialdrugs. what the different ways that these changes in the DNA occur?http://vlab.amrita.edu/?sub=3&brch=73&sim=1628&cnt=1 Explain how the Kirby-Bauer method relies on diffusion of antibioticsSome bacteria produce the enzyme penicillinase, which breaks the beta-lactam ring in the penicillin molecule and converts it into penicilloic acid, which is harmless to bacteria. This is an example of which of the following mechanisms of antibiotic resistance? which option below is the answer? Destruction or inactivation of the antibiotic by the microbe Preventing penetration to the target site within the microbe Alteration of the drug’s target site(s) within the microbe None of the other four answers are correct Rapid ejection (pumping) of the drug out of the microbial cell
- Answer the following questions: 1. What was the first antibiotic and what was its importance? 2. What does resistance mean? 3. Who is affected by resistance? 4. What if the resistance problem is not solved? 5. Describe the structure of the bacterium (its parts) 6. Can bacteria change? explain 7. Why do Bacteria communicate, what is the purpose? 8. Explain how a bacterium achieves its resistance. 9. What is the use given to antibiotics in production animals? 10. Is this use in animals good practice? 11. Once resistance occurs, what has the scientific community had to do? 12. Do antibiotics only affect negative bacteria? explain. 13. What are the most feared diseases due to antibiotic resistance? 14. Should antibiotics be used against viruses? explain. 15. How can we avoid antibiotic resistance?Antibiotic resistance can be transferred from one bacterial cell to another. Describe how this process can occur.Katelyn had been working for Dr. Johnson for a month, and while she had become quite good at measuring inhibitionzones, she didn’t know why she was doing all this work. She had gotten very curious after she began doing all themeasurements on a new set of antibiotics. # is experiment involved infecting mice with MRSA and tracking how theMRSA grew over time.Data were collected by counting the cells of MRSA taken from $ uid samples from the mice. # e cells were measuredby taking one gram of the $ uid and spreading it over plates, but now Katelyn counted the colonies that grew on theplate after 24 hours. Because there were so many, she actually measured the colonies as “log CFU/g.” A CFU is acolony forming unit, or essentially a cell that will divide into a colony that can be seen. Because there can be so many,Katelyn measured them on a logarithmic (log) scale. # e raw data in her lab notebook looked like the following:Table 1. E% ect of treatment on MRSA in mice after 24 hours of drug…
- Why is antibiotic resistance a problem and how can antibiotic resistance be prevented? (List the 7 methods for preventing resistance.)Identify a correct statement about tetracyclines. Multiple Choice They have a narrow antibacterial spectrum. They are bactericidal in nature. They bind irreversibly to bacterial ribosomes to inhibit bacterial protein synthesis. Their widespread use has allowed the emergence of bacterial resistance.Which of the following mechanisms of action of antibiotics has the fewest side effects? protein synthesis cell wall synthesis DNA replication synthesis of essential metabolites enzymatic activity
- A pathogenic bacteria ferments for survival in your patient producing a swollen, dark discolored leg due to muscles degradation and gas-filled distension on the skin. Treatment includes pressurized hyperbaric oxygen. Which of the following apply? None of the statements apply Streptococcus pneumoniae causing community aquired pneumonia. Klebsiella pneumoniae causing cellular degradation in pulmonary tissues Clostridium perfringens causing gas gangrene resulting in myonecrosis by synthesis of acids and gases Staphylococcus aureus producing lipases and proteasesThe question below is one question I just separated the question marks 1) How are antibiotics, as a class of drugs, unique? 2)How does this facilitate resistance? 3)How are antibiotics misused?Aminoglycosides and ß-lactams are commonly used antibiotics. Write a short account for both antibiotics respectively regarding their antibiotic classes, ways of inhibiting microorganisms and their specificities.