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- Some organisms have features that have different functions, but similar structures. One example is the forelimb of humans, dogs, birds, and whales. Human Dog Bird Whale What term best describes the relationship between these forelimbs? They are vestigial. O They are homologous. They are embryological. They are analogous.What conclusion can be drawn from embryological development? Insect and bird wings are similar in function but not in structure. Paleontologists have used fossils to trace the evolution of the modern camel. Many organisms have structures with no apparent function found during embryo development. The presence of gill slits and tails in early vertebrate embryos shows that they may share a common ancestor.All vertebrate embryos have a tail and gill slits at some point during embryonic development. What does this suggest about vertebrates? These species evolved in similar environments. These species have the exact same DNA sequence. The embryos of these species require these structures to survive. These species share a common ancestor.
- Cartilaginous fishes made their first appearance in the fossil record between 444 and 419 MYA, which represents the starting and ending dates for the Carboniferous Period which represents the starting and ending dates for the Silurian Period which represents the starting and ending dates for the Cambrian Period which represents the starting and ending dates for the Jurassic Period which represents the starting and ending dates for the Devonian PeriodWhat are the two ways of finding the age of a fossil? Describe how relative dating works. What does absolute dating do? Why is the element carbon-14 important for paleontologists? . Developmental Biology - Embryology Many scientists use what an organism looks like as an embryo, or embryology, as evidence for evolution. The embryos of most vertebrates look very similar and have similar structures. For example, fish, bird, rabbit, and human embryos are similar in appearance in early stages. They all have gill slits and a tail with muscles to move it. Later as the embryos develop, they become less and less similar. What does the study of embryology show when comparing most vertebrates?These are embryos at their most advanced stage, shortly before birth. Fish Salamander Tortoise Chick Rabbit Human Describe how the embryos changed for each of these organisms from their earliest to latest stages. Species Anatomical Changes From Early to Late Stages Human Developed limbs, defined features in face, neck, ears, loss of tail, tiny fingers present Chicken Developed beak, tail shorter, wings and legs developed, head quite large Rabbit Tail gone, developed limbs, detailed features in ears and mouth Tortoise Shell developed, limbs have developed, tail is thinner, large belly, long tail, beak Salamander Has gills, tail and large underbelly Fish fins developed, gills, tail and scales 1. Look again at the six embryos in their earliest stages. Describe the patterns you see. What physicalsimilarities exist between each of the embryos? 2. Does this suggest an evolutionary relationship? Explain how.these embryos can be used as evidence of acommon ancestor between each of these six…
- Which of the following is not a statement of von Baer's laws? Less general characters develop from the more general, until finally the most specialized appear. The general features of a large group of animals appear earlier in development than do the specialized features of a smaller group. (C) All of the above are Statements of von Baer's laws. The early embryo of a higher animal is never like a lower animal, but only like its early embryo. The embryo of a given species, instead of passing through the adult stages of lower animals, departs more and more from them.1 page: Members of the Class Aves and Teleost members of the Class Osteichthyes have both undergone significant radiations. Characterize both aves and teleosts as highly derived from other vertebrates by giving examples of several unique evolutionary structures from each group.What is /are the most recent ancestor/s of the following: Modern Fishes Earliest amphibian (What group of fishes gave rise to earliest amphibians?) Earliest reptiles Earliest birds Earliest mammals Describe the morphological features of their ancestor/s briefly.
- What makes Archeopteryx an important fossil evolutionarily? This species has a mix of characters that suggest it was a "transitional" species between two large groups, dinosaurs and birds. This species is the oldest known, universally agreed upon, fossil of life, and therefore tells up what the common ancestor to all living things might have been like. This species is thought to be the last common ancestor between chimps and humans, and therefore is the root of our own specific group (homonins). This species has a mix of characters that suggests is was a "transitional" species between two large groups, fish and amphibians.In land mammals, the pelvic girdle is the point where the leg bones attach to the rest of the skeleton. Whales, which are descended from animals that lived on land, also have a small pelvic girdle. This would be an example of what type of evidence for evolution? DNA similarities anatomical similarities shared developmental pathways fossil evidence s 000 OYou have now studied three different types of anatomical structures. Homologous structures show individual variations on a common anatomical theme. These are seen in organisms that are closely related. 1. Give an example of a homologous structure from this activity: Analogous structures have very different anatomies but similar functions. These are seen in organismsthat are not necessarily closely related but live in similar environments and have similar adaptations. 2. Give an example of an analogous structure from this activity: Vestigial structures are anatomical remnants that were important in the organism's ancestors but are nolonger used in the same way. 3. Give an example of a vestigial structure from this activity: