How Fast to Sail? The margin principle can increase the level of an activity as long as its marginal benefit exceeds the marginal cost. Thinking at the margin allows us to adjust our decisions. As speed of any ship increases more fuel is consumed just as it happens with car. That is mileage per liter falls, but more speed means ship can travel faster and thus can load and unload fast-meaning it travels a greater number of times than a slow- moving ship than it gains by travelling more (transporting a greater number of times). This gain should be compared with loss from fall in mileage. When the gain in weight is equal to loss in mileage equilibrium is reached as in case of any marginal analysis.

How Fast to Sail? The margin principle can increase the level of an activity as long as its marginal benefit exceeds the marginal cost. Thinking at the margin allows us to adjust our decisions. As speed of any ship increases more fuel is consumed just as it happens with car. That is mileage per liter falls, but more speed means ship can travel faster and thus can load and unload fast-meaning it travels a greater number of times than a slow- moving ship than it gains by travelling more (transporting a greater number of times). This gain should be compared with loss from fall in mileage. When the gain in weight is equal to loss in mileage equilibrium is reached as in case of any marginal analysis.

Exploring Economics

8th Edition

ISBN:9781544336329

Author:Robert L. Sexton

Publisher:Robert L. Sexton

Chapter2: Economics: Eight Powerful Ideas

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 19P

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You need to get gasoline for your car. You can drive ten miles (round trip) to a gas station on the outskirts of town and save 15 cents per gallon on the price of gasoline. If gasoline costs $3.55 per gallon and your car gets 37 miles per gallon for in-town driving, how many gallons of gasoline must you buy at the edge-of-town station to save enough on your fill up to pay for the cost to going to the station and back? Ignore the wear- and-tear cost of operating your car in this example. (Enter your answer as a number without the units of gallons.)
The accompanying table shows the relationship between the speed of a computer's CPU and its benefits and costs. Assume that all other features of the computer are the same (that is, CPU speed is the only source of variation), and only the CPU speeds listed in the table are available for purchase. CPU Total Marginal Total Marginal GHz Benefit Benefit Cost Costs 2.0 $1,000 $900 2.5 $1,400 $ 100 3.0 $300 $1,200 3.5 $1,900 $ 1,500 4.0 $2,000 $ 400 The marginal cost of upgrading from a 2.5GHz to 3.0GHz computer is O $400. O $300. $200. O $100.
Buying and selling textbooks are two separate decisions made at the margin. Textbooks create value both when they are bought and when they are sold.Think about your decision to buy the textbook for this course. You paid $200 for the book, but you would have been willing to pay $450 to use the book for the semester. Suppose that at the end of the semester you could keep your textbook or sell it back to the bookstore. Once you have completed the course, the book is worth only $70 to you. The bookstore will pay you 50% of the original $200.How much total value have you gained? $
Buying and selling textbooks are two separate decisions made at the margin. Textbooks create value both when they are bought and when they are sold. Think about your decision to buy the textbook for this course. You paid $200 for the book, but you would have been willing to pay $450 to use the book for the semester. Suppose that at the end of the semester you could keep your textbook or sell it back to the bookstore. Once you have completed the course, the book is worth only $70 to you. The bookstore will pay you 50% of the original $200.
Problem 19-13 There is a road between the suburbs and downtown. The road becomes congested at rush hour. As long as fewer than 100 people use the road at rush hour, the trip takes 30 minutes. When the 101st person enters the road, everyone has to slow down and the trip now takes 31 minutes. People value their time at $6 per hour (i.e., $0.10 per minute) and so a 30 minute trip costs $3. Instructions: Round your answers to two decimal places. a. The private cost of one of the 100 individuals using the road is $ . The total private cost of 100 people using the road is $ . The total social cost of 100 people using the road is $ . b. The total social cost of 101 people using the road is $ . The private cost of using the road for the 101st individual is $ . The external social cost of the 101st person using the road is $ .
Buying and selling textbooks are two separate decisions made at the margin. Textbooks create value both when they are bought and when they are sold. Think about your decision to buy the textbook for this course. You paid $225 for the book, but you would have been willing to pay $500 to use the book for the semester. Suppose that at the end of the semester you could keep your textbook or sell it back to the bookstore. Once you have completed the course, the book is worth only $50 to you. The bookstore will pay you 50% of the original $225. How much total value have you gained? $
Mary is planning to travel to a country where there is some risk of contracting malaria. The market price for the medication that prevents malaria is $400 (the preventative medicine is not covered by insurance). It would take her 2 hours to visit her doctor and get the prescription filled. The opportunity cost of her time is $50/ hour. If she contracts malaria we assume that she will be sick for two weeks and unable to work. Expenses for medication, doctors' visits, and lab tests to treat the malaria will be $1500. She will lose wages and benefits of $1000 for each week she is away from work. Assume the cost of the pain and suffering is $2000. Mary believes that her chance of getting malaria without preventative medicine is about one in 10. A) What is the maximum price that Mary would pay if insurance covered the full cost of treatment if she got malaria? B) What is the maximum price that Mary would pay for the medication if she has no insurance?
Discuss two examples of similar types of wearable technology for humans?
John is planning to travel to a country where there is some risk of contracting yellow fever. The direct market price for the medication that prevents yellow fever is $125. It would take him 2 hours to visit his doctor and get the prescription filled. The opportunity cost of his time is $25/hour. If he contracts yellow fever we assume that he will be sick and not able to work full days for two weeks. Under these conditions, let's assume he can work half days and has no vacation or sick time to use. His company will not pay him when he is sick and not working. His out of pocket expenses for medication, doctors’ visits, and lab tests to treat the yellow fever will be $500. His normal salary is $1,000 per week. John believes that his chance of getting yellow fever without preventative medicine is about 20%. His chance of getting yellow fever with the medication is 0%. There is no pain and suffering to be considered in this problem. What is the maximum price that John would pay…
The following accompanying table shows the relationship between the speed of a computer's CPU and its benefits and costs. Assume that all other features of the computer are the same (that is, CPU speed is the only source of variation), and only the CPU speeds listed below are available for purchase. CPU Total Marginal Total Marginal GHz Benefit Benefit Cost Costs 2.0 $1,000 $900 2.5 $1,400 $100 $1,200 $1,500 3.0 $300 3.5 $1,900 4.0 $2,000 $400 The total benefit of a 3.0GHZ computer is:
If you rent a car, you can (1) return it with a full gas tank, (2) return it without filling it and pay $2.75/gallon, or (3) accept a fixed price of $35 for gas. The local price is $3.00/gallon for gasoline, and you expect this car to get 30 miles per gallon. The car has a 15-gallon tank. What choice should you make if you expect to drive 450 miles? Please explain how to solve. Thank you
You are considering whether you should go out to dinner at a restaurant with your friend. The meal is expected to cost you $40, you typically leave a 20% tip, and an Uber will cost you $5 to get there. You value the restaurant meal at $20. You enjoy your friend’s company and are willing to pay $30 just to spend an evening with her. If you did not go out to the restaurant, you would eat at home using groceries that cost you $8. How much are the benefits and costs associated with going out to dinner with your friend? Should you go out to dinner with your friend?