Hint: Be sure that the new aggregate demand curve (AD,) is parallel to the initial aggregate demand curve (AD). You can see the slope of AD, by selecting it on the graph. PRICE LEVEL 140 135 130 125 120 115 110 105 100 AD 4 5 OUTPUT (Trillions of dollars) AD₂ X
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- Explain how automatic stabilizers work, both on the taxation side and on the spending side, first in a situation where the economy is producing less than potential GDP and then in a situation where the economy Is producing more than potential GDP.1. The multiplier effect of a change in government purchases Consider a hypothetical closed economy in which households spend $0.60 of each additional dollar they earn and save the remaining $0.40. The marginal propensity to consume (MPC) for this economy is 0.6 v , and the expenditure multiplier for this economy is v Suppose the government in this economy decides to increase government purchases by $400 billion. The increase in government purchases will lead to an increase in income, generating an initial change in consumption equal to v. This increases income yet again, causing a second change in consumption equal to The total change in demand resulting from the initial change in government spending is1. The multiplier effect of a change in government purchases Consider a hypothetical closed economy in which households spend $0.80 of each additional dollar they earn and save the remaining $0.20. The marginal propensity to consume (MPC) for this economy is 0.8 Suppose the government in this economy decides to increase government purchases by $400 billion. The increase in government purchases will lead to an increase in income, generating an initial change in consumption equal to $320 billion . This increases income yet again, causing a second change in consumption equal to $256 billion $2 trillion ($2,000 billion) The total change in demand resulting from the initial change in government spending is The following graph shows the aggregate demand curve (AD,) for this economy before the change in government spending. Use the green line (triangle symbol) to plot the new aggregate demand curve (AD₂) after the spending multiplier effect takes place. Hint: Be sure that the new aggregate…
- 4. The multiplier effect of a change in government purchases Suppose there is some hypothetical closed economy in which households spend $0.80 of each additional dollar they earn and save the remaining $0.20. The marginal propensity to consume (MPC) for this economy is 0.8, and the spending multiplier for this economy is 5. Suppose the government in this economy decides to decrease government purchases by $400 billion. The decrease in government spending will lead to a decrease in income, creating an initial change in consumption equal to -$2,000 billion. This decreases income yet again, leading to a second change in consumption equal to The total change in demand resulting from the initial change in government spending is The following graph shows the aggregate demand curve (AD) for this economy before the change in government spending. Use the green line (triangle symbol) to plot the new aggregate demand curve (AD₂) after the multiplier effect takes place. For simplicity, assume that…4. The multiplier effect of a change in government purchases Consider a hypothetical closed economy in which households spend $0.70 of each additional dollar they earn and save the remaining $0.30. The marginal propensity to consume (MPC) for this economy is and the spending multiplier for this economy is Suppose the government in this economy decides to decrease government purchases by $300 billion. The decrease in government purchases will lead to a decrease in income, generating an initial change in consumption equal to . This decreases income yet again, causing a second change in consumption equal to The total change in demand resulting from the initial change in government spending is The following graph shows the aggregate demand curve (AD1) for this economy before the change in government spending. Use the green line (triangle symbol) to plot the new aggregate demand curve (AD2) after the multiplier effect takes place. For simplicity, assume that there is no "crowding out."…2. The multiplier effect of a change in government purchases Consider a hypothetical closed economy in which households spend $0.70 of each additional dollar they earn and save the remaining $0.30. The marginal propensity to consume (MPC) for this economy is and the spending multiplier for this economy is Suppose the government in this economy decides to decrease government purchases by $300 billion. The decrease in government purchases will lead to a decrease in income, generating an initial change in consumption equal to This decreases income yet again, causing a second change in consumption equal to The total change in demand resulting from the initial change in government spending is
- 4. The multiplier effect of a change in government purchases Consider a hypothetical closed economy in which households spend $0.60 of each additional dollar they earn and save the remaining $0.40. The marginal propensity to consume (MPC) for this economy is and the spending multiplier for this economy is Suppose the government in this economy decides to increase government purchases by $400 billion. The increase In government purchases will lead to an increase in income, generating an initial change in consumption equal to This increases income yet again, causing a second change in consumption equal to . The total change in demand resulting from the initial change in government spending Is The following graph shows the aggregate demand curve (AD¡) for this economy before the change in government spending. Use the green line (triangle symbol) to plot the new aggregate demand curve (AD2) after the multiplier effect takes place. For simplicity, assume that there is no "crowding out."…2. The multiplier effect of a change in government purchases Consider a hypothetical closed economy in which households spend $0.80 of each additional dollar they earn and save the remaining $0.20. The marginal propensity to consume (MPC) for this economy is, and the spending multiplier for this economy is ▼. Suppose the government in this economy decides to decrease government purchases by $300 billion. The decrease in government purchases will lead to a decrease in income, generating an initial change in consumption equal to . This decreases income yet again, causing a second change in consumption equal to .The total change in demand resulting from the initial change in government spending is The following graph shows the aggregate demand curve (AD1) for this economy before the change in government spending. Use the green line (triangle symbol) to plot the new aggregate demand curve (AD₂) after the spending multiplier effect takes place. Hint: Be sure that the new aggregate demand…The following graph shows the aggregate demand curve ( AD1) for this economy before the change in government spending. Use the green line (triangle symbol) to plot the new aggregate demand curve ( AD2) after the multiplier effect takes place. For simplicity, assume that there is no "crowding out." Hint: Be sure that the new aggregate demand curve (AD2) is parallel to the initial aggregate demand curve ( AD1 ). You can see the slope of AD1 by selecting it on the graph. 140 AD, 135 AD, 130 125 120 115 110 105 100 3 4 OUTPUT (Trillions of dollars) PRICE LEVEL
- 4. The multiplier effect of a change in government purchases Suppose there is some hypothetical closed economy in which households spend $0.80 of each additional dollar they earn and save the remaining $0.20. The marginal propensity to consume (MPC) for this economy is and the spending multiplier for this economy is " Suppose the government in this economy decides to decrease government purchases by $300 billion. The decrease in government spending will lead to a decrease in income, creating an initial change in consumption equal to . This decreases income yet again, leading to a second change in consumption equal to The total change in demand resulting from the initial change in government spending is The following graph shows the aggregate demand curve (AD₁) for this economy before the change in government spending. Use the green line (triangle symbol) to plot the new aggregate demand curve (AD₂) after the multiplier effect takes place. For simplicity, assume that there is no…4. Why does a reduction in taxes have a smaller multiplier effect than an increase in government spending of an equal amount?8. Given each of the following values for both the spending multiplier and the tax multiplier, calculate both the MPC and the MPS. a. 20 b. 10 c. 8 d. 5