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Give a human condition that results from the abnormal development of the 1) neural crest and 2) neural tube (one condition for each structure)
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- A 23-year-old male has been diagnosed with a tumor impinging upon his spinal cord. He has started to retain urine and is experiencing decreased anal and rectal muscle tone. Both of these symptoms suggest conus medullaris syndrome. At which of the following vertebral levels is the tumor most likely located? S2/S3 O L1/L2 O L3/L4 O L5/S1 S1/S2Mumps is a viral infection. The primary symptom of mumps is visible swelling of the parotid gland on either side of the face. However, the virus can also infiltrate the male reproductive system, causing the testes to atrophy. Some effects include oligospermia (low sperm count), azoospermia (no sperm in semen), and asthenospermia (reduced sperm movement). Research treatment options for reduced sperm movement. Describe one option that can be used to aid successful fertilization and explain why it helps.Provide the correct anatomical term
- You are assessing a spinal trauma patient who is complaining of pain at T1. where would you expect to see a change in response as you assess the patient to determine if there is cord involvement at this level? A) at the nipple line. B) at the 2nd Intercostal space. C) at the index finger and sternal notch. D) at the little finger and 2nd intercostal space.Identify the parts of a neuron or a brain that correspond to the given functions below. The parts are found inside the grid and loop these words either horizontally, vertically, diagonally or inversely. 1. controls the growth of a nerve cell 2. carry impulses or messages toward the cell body 3. carry messages away from the cell body 4. serves as the body’s life support system 5. coordinates muscle movement 6. responsible for mental processes 7. controls breathing, heart rate and swallowing 8. controls the movement of the eye 9. regulates breathing and helps control eye movement 10. serves as a relay station for sensesName a structure that is located toward the dorsal side of the body lateral and superior to the hamstring but inferior to the heart. Note:transverse sections including this structure would include the pancreas
- Name a structure that is located toward the dorsal side of the body, lateral and superior to the hamstring but inferior to the heart. Note: Transverse sections including this structure would include the pancreas.The following clinical scenario contains (4) choose-between-two options: An 11-year-old boy with a history of developmental delay presents to your clinic. His mother states that for the past several weeks, he has been displaying symptoms of self-mutilation, and that he has been complaining of joint pain, especially to his toes and feet. On physical examination, there is marked swelling to the digits of his feet, especially his large toe, with associated redness. Given his clinical presentation, the patient likely has a defect with his (HGPRT / dihydrofolate reductase) enzyme. As a result, the patient most likely has (folate deficiency / Lesch-Nyhan syndrome). In clinical laboratory and urinalysis studies, you would expect this patient to have(lower / higher) levels of urate than normal reference ranges. Furthermore, de novo purine synthesis most likely occurs at a (lower / higher) rate in a healthy individual compared to your patient.The nervous system and endocrine system both control several processes in the human body. Based on your knowledge of the anatomy of these two systems, give TEN differences between these two organ systems.
- List two defects of neural tube closure.Ada is a pregnant 28 year old vegan. Her pre-pregnancy weight was 132 Ibs (60 kg), and her BMI was 24. She is now 30 weeks along, and feeling fine. Her current weight is 153 Ibs (68.5 kg).A CST is assisting a surgeon with a lumbar discectomy procedure. The CST removes tissue from the jaws of the pituitary rongeur that the surgeon is using to remove the disc material. He looks at the specimen and says to the physician, “I think you should stop and look at this – it doesn’t look like disc material to me.” The surgeon asks, “How so?”, and the CST responds, “It has a lumen.” The surgeon examines the tissue, has the circulator page a genitourinary specialist, completes the discectomy, and assists in the repair of the ureter. What did the CST have to know in order to make this critical observation? Discuss the relationship between knowledge of anatomy and physiology and its practical application in the OR setting.