Gastrulation... A. Is a specialized form of cell division that partitions the cytoplasm of a fertilized egg B. Refers to the fusion of haploid gametes to give a diploid zygote C. Produces an embryo with either two or three distinct cell layers D. Is a developmental stage consisting of a cell layer surrounding a fluid-filled space E. None of the above

Gastrulation... A. Is a specialized form of cell division that partitions the cytoplasm of a fertilized egg B. Refers to the fusion of haploid gametes to give a diploid zygote C. Produces an embryo with either two or three distinct cell layers D. Is a developmental stage consisting of a cell layer surrounding a fluid-filled space E. None of the above

Biology (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781337392938

Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg

Publisher:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg

Chapter51: Animal Development

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 12TYU

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There are 6 major events in fertilization. Discuss the process of fertilization or conception, with emphasis on the sperm-egg interaction. Egg-binding proteins on the sperm cell surface bind to molecules on the egg cell membrane. What happens to the chromosomes of the sperm and egg? The sperm cell membrane fuses with the egg plasma membrane, allowing the sperm nucleus and centriole to enter the egg cytoplasm. What is the purpose/role of the centriole during fertilization? The final event would be when the egg and sperm pronuclei migrate toward each other in preparation for syngamy. What is the purpose of reproduction?
Which of the following does NOT aid the sperm in fertilization? * Increased mitochondria Cytoplasmic bridge Acrosomes Flagellum development Hyaluronidase & protease
There are 6 major events in fertilization. Discuss the process of fertilization or conception, with emphasis on the sperm-egg interaction. Proteins on the sperm plasma membrane bind to ZP3 molecules within the zona pellucida of the egg. Why is this event important? Zona binding triggers the acrosome reaction, in which the sperm plasma membrane fuses with the outer acrosomal membrane, causing exocytosis of acrosomal contents. What is in the "acrosomal content"? Acrosomal enzymes begin to dissolve a hole in the zona pellucida. This enzymatic degradation, accompanied by rapid sperm tail beating, moves the sperm through the zona. Where does the sperm intend to reach?
1 3. Enzymes are important during the process of fertilization. What would be the anticipated consequences if the level of acrosin was low or non-existent in the acrosome? 5. The Sperm would not be able to break through the protective coat on the egg (zona pellucida). meaning the sperm are unable to fertilize anegg 4. The morula contributes to a layer that becomes the embryo and to cells that become the placenta. What are the names of these structures? Illustrate and label these layers/structures. What is the name of the outer cell layer of the blastocyst and what does it give rise to? Does this layer contribute to the development of the embryo? 6. Explain the origins of the blastocyst cavity and what purpose does it serve? 7. Describe implantation of a blastocyst using simple, labeled diagrams.
is when an egg is released from the ovary. This typically occurs once a month in females. occurs when the egg is not fertilized. It involves the egg being broken down by enzymes in the uterus, as well as the egg and the uterine lining being expelled from the body. occurs when male and female sex cells unite. Fertilization produces a which eventually turns into an embryo, and later into a fetus, is a word used to describe cell division in a zygote. The zygote undergoes cleavage/cell division to form a hollow ball of cells called a blastocyst. or After the zygote becomes a blastula, the cells keep dividing into a ball of cells that is composed of three germ layers. This ball of cells composed of three germs layers is called a is the process by which cells develop in different ways to perform different functions. Once it has begun, tissues and organs develop rapidly from the three germ layers of the gastrula. About 8 weeks after fertilization, the major organs have begun to develop and…
1. It is the creation of an offspring by fusion of haploid gametes, male sperm and female eggs, to form a diploid zygote 2. The creation of offspring without the fusion of egg and sperm 3. The development of a new individual from an unfertilized egg 4. The union of egg and sperm, can be external or internal 5. A common opening between the external environment and the digestive, excretory, and reproductive systems in animals. 6. each individual has both male and female reproductive systems 7. Male gonads which produce sperm and testosterone. 8. Three (3) coiled tubes within each testis in which sperm is produced. 9. Tubular storage sac on top of each testis in which sperm mature. 10. The male gamete consists of head, middle piece, and tail. Released during ejaculation.
1. Meiosis is called reduction division. Explain why and where the reduction occurs and how this changes ploidy? (2) 2. A mutation has occured in the DNA segment responsible for the G2/ M Checkpoint. if this mutation occured in a cell that was destined for the production of sperm, would it have any affect on potential offspring? (2) 3. What are the major differences between the events of mitosis and meiosis? (3)
24) The process of gametogenesis starts with a stem cell in the gonads and produces gametes used in sexual reproduction. For the process of spermatogenesis and oogenesis in mammals, complete the following table: Spermatogenesis Gamete type produced Location occurs Number of haploid cells produced Life-stage that the process begins Life-stage that the process ends Oogenesis
In insect embryonic development, the fertilized egg nucleus divides repeatedly giving rise to multiple nuclei that migrate to the periplasm (peripheral cytoplasm) and become cells called ____ or remain in the yolk and become cells called ____ that digest the yolk. A region of the cells that form in the periplasm thickens and become the____ , which develops into the embryo.
..explain why meiosis occurs only in specialized cells (gametes), and that the overall goal of meiosis is to make haploid cells for sexual reproduction • ..outline the sequence of key chromosomal movements and rearrangements during the two meiotic divisions, identifying key similarities and differences between meiosis and mitosis • ..describe the ploidy of a cell before and after meiosis I and meiosis II, and how ploidy changes after separation of sister chromatids and homologous chromosomes
Fertilization _____. a. unites the nuclei of a sperm and egg cell b. forms a zygote that has chromosomes of both parents c. usually occurs in an oviduct d. all of the above e. a and b but not c
During embryonic development, unique cell layers develop into specific groups of tissues or organs during a stage called _____________. the blastula stage the germ layer stage the gastrula stage the organogenesis stage