During the resting state, a neuron is: polarized with sodium ions outside the cell and potassium ions inside the cell restoring the ionic conditions utilizing the sodium-potassium pump depolarizing and generating an action potential propagating the action potential repolarizing as potassium ions diffuse out of the cell

During the resting state, a neuron is: polarized with sodium ions outside the cell and potassium ions inside the cell restoring the ionic conditions utilizing the sodium-potassium pump depolarizing and generating an action potential propagating the action potential repolarizing as potassium ions diffuse out of the cell

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)

9th Edition

ISBN:9781285866932

Author:Lauralee Sherwood

Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood

Chapter4: Principles Of Neural And Hormonal Communication

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RE: Conformational changes in channel proteins brought about by voltage changes are responsible for...

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Conformational changes in channel proteins brought about by voltage changes are responsible for opening and closing Na+ and K+ gates during the generation of an action potential. (True or false?)
The accelerating flow of _______ ions through gated channels across the membrane triggers an action potential. a. potassium b. sodium c. hydrogen d. a and b
Which of the following occurs immediately after the peak of an action potential? The membrane potential begins to repolarize O Voltage gated potassium channels are open Ⓒ Voltage gated sodium channels are inactivated The cell is in the absolute refractory period All of the above
Repolarization occurs because Multiple Choice more sodium ions diffuse into the cell than potassium ions diffuse out of it. potassium ions continue to diffuse out of the cell after the inactivation gates of the voltage-gated sodium ion channels begin to close. the increased potassium ion permeability lasts slightly longer than the time required to bring the membrane potential back to its resting level. the extra efflux of potassium ions causes the membrane potential to become slightly more positive than the resting value. the inactivation gates of the voltage-gated sodium ion channels begin to open and the diffusion of sodium ions decreases.
The membrane potential caused by differences in ions across the plasma membrane of an electrically excitable cell (when not stimulated) is called: action potential resting membrane potential graded potential local potential
Which of the following does NOT contribute to the establishment or maintenance of the neuron resting membrane potential? Oa sodium and potassium ions are actively transported across the cell membrane which maintains the resting membrane potential Ob. negatively charged proteins are inside the neuron and are not transported out Oc potassium ions are highly concentrated outside the cell and their are many potassium leakage channels in the membrane Od. sodium ions are more highly concentrated outside the cell and there are fewer sodium ion leakage channels in the membrane
Which of the following phases of an action potential is correctly matched with the changes in ion movement and membrane potential? All of these are correctly matched. Phase 1 – sodium movement into the cell Phase 3 – potassium movement into the cell Phase 2 – sodium movement out of the cell
Which of the following takes place during an action potential? Na+ ions exit the cell causing depolarization Repolarization occurs when K+ ions enter the cell The membrane becomes more negative during depolarization K+ ions start the action potentials Na+ enters the cell making the membrane potential positive.
Depolarization is: O Is the 2nd step of an action potential Is the last step of an action potential An increase in the electrochemical gradient across a neuron membrane O A reduction in the electrochemical gradient across a neuron membrane
Which of the following would occur if you were measuring the voltage of a motor neuron that was stimulated by an inhibitory pathway? The voltage would decrease to +55 mV The voltage would increase to +65 mV An EPSP would be present at the membrane An IPSP would be present at the membrane
An action potential is regarded as an example of positive feedback. Which of the following examples below best illustrates the positive feedback aspect of an action potential? Voltage gated potassium ion channels open slowly and remain open long enough to cause hyperpolarization The sodium potassium pump consistently moves ions as long as ATP is available, and regardless of membrane potential changes. A threshold stimulus will cause the opening of voltage gated sodium ion channels that will cause further depolarization by opening still more voltage gated sodium ion channels along the axon.
Which of the following can increase the likelihood of a neuron generating an action potential? tetrodotoxin (TTX) reducing the external concentration of K+ decreased diffusion of K+ through leak channels out of the neuron All of the above