Draw the entire structure of the amino acid product (with the correct stereochemistry) that results from the following chemical transformations. If no reaction occurs then just draw the structure of the starting material.
Q: Draw structures to show the product formed in each case when lysine reacts with an excess of aqueous…
A: Interpretation- To draw the structure when lysine reacts with an excess of aqueous HCl.…
Q: A tripeptide undergoes complete hydrolysis and the resulting mixture contains only phenylalanine and…
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Q: Ninhydrin reacts with an amino acid to form a purple-colored compound. Propose a mechanism to…
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Q: a) Explain why the acetamido group is an ortho, para-directing group. Why should it be less…
A: As there are two questions, we have solved the first question for you, and for the rest to be solved…
Q: Why can isomaltose be easily hydrolyzed through acid hydrolysis while trehalose cannot undergo acid…
A: Carbohydrate chemistry:
Q: Explain the process of protein de maturation with an appropriate example
A: Biomolecules can be defined as the molecules which are involved in different biochemical reactions…
Q: α-Amino acids can be prepared by treating an aldehyde with ammonia/trace acid, followed by hydrogen…
A: α-Amino acids is prepared by treating 3-methylbutanal with ammonia/trace acid, followed by hydrogen…
Q: Histamine is synthesized from one of the 20 protein-derived amino acids. Suggest which amino acid is…
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Q: Define tautomerism and use one of the structures above to illustrate your explanation
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Q: 1. Name the common amino acids that contain an aromatic ring. Enter your answers in alphabetical…
A: Since you have asked multiple question, we will solve the first question for you. If you want any…
Q: Why is only a trace amount of acid used in the formation of an N-glycoside?
A: N-glycoside is prepared from sugar (monosaccharide) when reacts with amine in presence of traces of…
Q: Show the formation of the sphingolipid containing oleic acid, phosphoric acid, and choline.
A: Sphingolipids are a class of biomolecular compounds that are composed of fatty acid derivatives of…
Q: Explain why the rate of aminolysis of an ester cannot be increased by H+, HO-, or RO-.
A: The presence of acid, base and alkoxide ion does not increase the rate of Aminolysis reaction. The…
Q: Prepare valine from the corresponding: a) aldehyde, b) halocarboxylic acid, c) keto acid, d) nitro…
A: “Since you have posted a question with multiple sub-parts, we will solve first three subparts for…
Q: If anisole is allowed to sit in D2O that contains a small amount of D2SO4, what products are formed?
A: Structure of anisole is as follows, The compound anisole is an organic compound that is colorless…
Q: Compound A is a D-aldopentose that can be oxidized to an optically inactive aldaric acid B. On…
A: The class of D-aldopentoses includes five-carbon, aldehyde functional group-containing…
Q: Draw the structure of alanine in a solution at pH = 0
A: To find: The structure of alanine in a solution at pH=0
Q: Draw the condensed structures of the given amino acids. Glycylserine and Serylglycine Draw the…
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Q: Consider the following tetrapeptide, written in a sequence according to normal convention, from left…
A: # Option-1: Disulfide linkage is formed by sulfur containing amino acid cysteine. Since Residue 2…
Q: At its pK, what percentage of boric acid is ionized? 50%. 75%. 25%. 100%. 10%. QUESTION 2 The side…
A: For the first Question, you can used the Hinderson equation for determination the percentage of…
Q: How many aldaric acids are obtained from the 16 aldohexoses?
A: Aldaric acid is the acid having both end of the molecule equivalent due to which the position of…
Q: -NH 'N- H,N. NH HN HN `Ph HO, HN. HN" H2N -Ph: Phenyl group, -C6H5 `NH
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Q: Would you expect fructose or glucose to form a red color rapidly with Seliwanoff’s reagent? Explain…
A: Concept is based on practical carbohydrate chemistry.
Q: How do you synthesize the amino acid Phenylalanine from benzaldehyde as the starting compound?…
A: Following is the preparation of Phenylalanine from benzaldehyde.
Q: Show the formation of the sphingolipid containing stearic acid, phosphoric acid and choline
A: Sphingolipid belongs to the categories of phospholipids which consists fatty acids (R-COOH),…
Q: The aminolysis of acetic anhydride will produce aniline and ammonia as major products. True or…
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Q: One of the ways in which an L a-amino acid can be synthesized is to carry out an Sy2 reaction…
A: Stereoisomer is the isomers of the compound with two non-superimposable images of the given…
Q: The amino group is an activator in electrophilic aromatic substitution. O True O False
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Q: Perform a retrosynthetic analysis on the following peptide from the given starting materials.
A: The given peptide is,
Q: Draw the products from Killiani-Fischer reaction of D-ribose and L-Xylose.
A: Kiliani fischer synthesis is a chain elongation reaction of carbohydrates in which we synthesize a…
Q: Show how you would use the Strecker synthesis to make tryptophan
A: Strecker synthesis : It is a condensation reaction of an aldehyde with ammonium chloride (NH4Cl )…
Q: Write out a stepwise sequence that shows how a racemic mixture of leucine enantiomers can be…
A: The given recemic mixture of leucine enantiomers. The (S)-form and (R)-forms react with the given…
Q: Another method to form a peptide bond involves a two-step process:[1] Conversion of a Boc-protected…
A: a) Nitro group is an electron withdrawing group. Here nitro group is present on para position of the…
Q: Illustrate the Generation of the electrophile (CH3CO)+
A: An electron deficient species is termed as an electrophile. Electrophile are generally positively…
Q: Which of the following is true for structure II? L-ketose D-ketose D-aldose L-aldose
A: The name of the structure depends on the the functional group present in the structure . The prefix…
Q: structure of beta anomers of alpha D- mannopyranose and give their names
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Q: alpha-Amino acids can be prepared by treating an aldehyde with ammonia/trace acid, followed by…
A: Strecker synthesis is a method of synthesize α-amino acids by treating an aldehyde with…
Q: amino NH H20 HN + NHg tautomerism H. wracil cytorine
A: The reaction given is,
Q: Draw the form of L-lysine which is present at biological pH.
A: form of L-lysine which is present at biological pH =7.4
Q: Suggest a test you will use to show that a given food substance contains protein. Show how you will…
A: The Biuret solution is a blue colour reagent which when comes in contact with the proteins, converts…
Q: Choose one structure below that best represents a lipid that can be used as starting material for…
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Q: C17H29COOH linolenic acid non-saponifiable w-3 fatty acid All are correct
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Q: sters can be cleaved in acidic conditions (hydrolysis) or in basic conditions (saponification), but…
A: In esterification, an acid and an alcohol undergo condensation reaction to form an ester.
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- 2. In the synthesis of peptides, carboxylic acids are condensed with amines in the present of a reagent such as dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) [Section 25.6]. a. Propose a mechanism for the following, using curved arrow notation. H₂N. glycine OH H₂N 요. glycine OH DCC H₂N. N H gly-gly LOHShow how you would synthesize any of the standard amino acids from each starting material. You may use any necessaryreagents.O(CH3)2CH C COOH(a)CH2CH3(b) CH3 CH CH2 COOH (c) (CH3)2 CH¬CH2¬CHOTreatment of a new protein with dansyl chloride reveals two (2) dansyl-labelled derivatives of amino acids, alanine and methionine. What can you deduce about the structure of the proteinfrom these results?
- 3. Provide a synthetic route to each of the following compounds. a. H2N-gly-phe-ala-CO,H from the constituent aminoacids using a solid phase synthesis b. но N3 NH2 HO, N. from and anything else C. Alanine from glycine ČF33. Provide a synthetic route to each of the following compounds. a. H₂N-gly-phe-ala-CO₂H b. N3 OH NH₂ C. Alanine from glycine from the constituent aminoacids using a solid phase synthesis from HO N= CF3 and anything elseN-(2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-(2-ethanesulfonic A purified protein is in a Hepes acid) buffer at pH 7 with 475 mM NaCl. A dialysis membrane tube holds a 2.5 ml. sample of the protein solution. The sample tube floats in a beaker containing 1.75 L of the same Hepes buffer, but with 0 mM NaCl, for dialysis. Small molecules and ions (such as Na*, CI, and Hepes) can to diffuse across the dialysis membrane, but the protein cannot. Assume there are no sample volume changes during the dialysis. Calculate the final concentration of NaCl in the protein sample once the dialysis has come to equilibrium. [NaCl] after a single dialysis: mM Calculate the final NaCl concentration in the 2.5 ml. protein sample after dialysis in 175 mL of the same Hepes buffer. with 0 mM NaCl, twice in succession. [NaCl] after a double dialysis: mM
- 7. You want to study the effect of lysine methylation on gene regulation. The lysine amino acid sidechain is -CH2CH2CH2CH2NH2. To begin to study the relevant functional groups, you take free CH3CH2CH2CH2NH2 in the lab and decide to try to turn it into the product (P) CH3CH2CH2CH2NHCH3. a) Suggest a simple reagent to carry out the desired transformation. (In the subsequent parts of the problem, you may call this reagent R for short). b) Draw the reaction using the arrow formalism. c) What solvent and pH do you suggest? Why? d) Is the reaction first order or second order? e) Write down a simple rate equation for dP/dt. If you include any constant(s), what are their units? f) In addition to the desired product P, name at least one other impurity (containing both carbon and nitrogen, you may call this compound U for short) that is likely to occur in substantial amounts. g) What choice of initial conditions would bias towards production of substantially more P than U?3a. 3b. 3c 3d. 3e. CO₂ clavulanic acid CH₂-OH H Answer the following questions about clavulanic acid. Does clavulanic acid inhibit D-alanyl-D-alanine transpeptidase? Does clavulanic acid contain a ß-lactam? Does clavulanic acid contain a thiazolium ring? What is the result of the treatment of penicillinase with clavulanic acid? Does clavulanic acid form a covalent acyl-enzyme intermediate with penicillinase?There are 20 common, naturally occurring amino acids from which all proteins are derived (as will be discussed in Chapter 25), although many other less common amino acids have been isolated from natural sources. Valine is one of the 20 common amino acids, and it was used as a starting material in the laboratory synthesis of an uncommon amino acid (Tetrahedron 1997, 53, 1151-1156). During one of the steps in the synthesis, compound 1 was treated with HBr under conditions that favor radical addition, giving stereoisomers 2 and 3. Draw the structures of 2 and 3, and describe their stereoisomeric relationship. H. LOCH3 HBr 2 + 3 hv H (S)-valine Modify the given copies of compound 1 to drawthe structures of 2 and 3. You can use the single bond tool to add/remove double bonds. CH2 CH2 H,C- H3C- -CH, -CH, Edit Drawing Describe the relationship of 2 and 3. O They are enantiomers. O They are superimposable. They are diastereomers. O They are constitutional isomers.
- When aspirin is made from acetic acid, the by product is H2O; when acetic anhydride 1Sused, the by-product is acetic acid. When acetyl chloride is used (see above), the by product is HC1. Which route should you use if you were working for Leica, a company that mass produces aspirin on a daily basis? Why?Write what kind of reaction is each one of the four reactions depicted. (e.g. peptide bond formation, SN2 etc.) GLUCURONIC ACID SULPHATE CHCI, CHMO NO xox HO NO ON OSO, N 10, chloramphenicol: antibiotic prenalterol: B-blocker AMINO ACIDS MERCAPTURATES (Glutathione conjugates) CONHCH,COOH CH,CI OH ACNH COON OH ACNH ON ON YN COCK, CH.SCH,CHCOOK(a) Provide (Draw) products for the following reactions OH OH 1. PCC 2. t-BuPh₂SiCl DMAP,CH₂Cl2