Discuss the following nucleophilic substitutions in terms of reaction conditions and stereochemical output. RO. NaCN Br R= H, CH3 Identify the preferred substitution mechanism for the following reactions. CH3 RSH ROH R. X = CI, Br, I R= H, CgHs
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- 6. Complete reaction scheme below indicating reagents, catalysts and conditions, and side product trigil bezinslog si6101fon 290b 1l (b Senines levirba 6 gaubong nasamots gniwollot ads to doinW 01 sniowl (6 CH3 40 CH3 Scansgowi (d Ege nodie) ( nsgyxo (b NO₂ 19m02 2i gniwollet sits to mainW II HO.Which one of the following molecules can react as electrophile in reactions with alkenes? CH3OH NaCI HCI KCN NaCI O HCI O KCN O CH3OHWhat is(are) the major final product(s) formed during the following sequence of reactions? 01 11 V 1.0₂ 2. (CH₂)₂S C₂H₂O 2 identical molecules ||| =PPhy < IV орна
- CH3 CH3 Br- Br2 .CH3 CH2Cl2 CH3 H3C H3C Br Electrophilic addition of bromine, Brɔ, to alkenes yields a 1,2-dibromoalkane. The reaction proceeds through a cyclic intermediate known as a bromonium ion. The reaction occurs in an anhydrous solvent such as CH,Cl,. In the second step of the reaction, bromide is the nucleophile and attacks at one of the carbons of the bromonium ion to yield the product. Due to steric clashes, the bromide ion always attacks the carbon from the opposite face of the bromonium ion so that a product with anti stereochemistry is formed. Draw curved arrows to show the movement of electrons in this step of the mechanism. Arrow-pushing Instructions CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 H3C H3C :Br: :Br:OH NaOH H3C CH3 H3C CH3 Alkyl halides undergo nucleophilic substitution and elimination reactions. When the kinetics of the reaction are measured, if the rate of the reaction is found to be dependent only upon the concentration of the alkyl halide the reaction is first order. The substitution reaction is thus termed Sy1, and the elimination reaction is termed E1. These reactions are unimolecular and occur in two steps. The first step is rate-limiting and involves the loss of the leaving group to form a carbocation. In the second, fast, step the nucleophile adds to the carbocation in the SN1 reaction or elimination occurs to give an alkene in the E1 reaction. Because the carbocation is planar, the nucleophile can add to either face and therefore racemization is usually observed although solvent effects can influence this somewhat. E1 elimination follows Zaitsev's rule and typically yields the most substituted alkene as the major product. Conditions which favor the Sy1/E1 pathway include…CH3 CH3 Br- Br2 CH2CI2 CH3 CH3 H3C H3C Br Electrophilic addition of bromine, Br2, to alkenes yields a 1,2-dibromoalkane. The reaction proceeds through a cyclic intermediate known as a bromonium ion. The reaction occurs in an anhydrous solvent such as CH2C12. In the second step of the reaction, bromide is the nucleophile and attacks at one of the carbons of the bromonium ion to yield the product. Due to steric clashes, the bromide ion always attacks the carbon from the opposite face of the bromonium ion so that a product with anti stereochemistry is formed. Draw curved arrows to show the movement of electrons in this step of the mechanism. Arrow-pushing Instructions CH3 CH3 Br- .CH3 .CH3 H3C H3C :Br :Br:
- Which of the following nucleophilic substitution reaction will not likely to happen? NH2 + NH2 CH3 SCH3 + CI .CI + CHSCH, H,ö: OH + HI Na* -CN CN + NalDraw the structure of the major organic product of the reaction. col CI / 1. LIAIH4, ether 2. H30+ • You do not have to consider stereochemistry. t √ [F ? Ⓡ ChemDoodleLOH NaOH `N' (S) H20 'N' ČI This nucleophilic substitution occurs with rearrangement. Draw curved arrows to show the movement of electrons in the following step of the reaction mechanism. Arrow-pushing Instructions OH :OH N. H.
- Below is the equation for a nucleophilic substitution reaction and some experimental data. CH3CH2Br + CH3COO- ⇌ CH3CH2CO2CH3 + Br- ΔH=-75 kJ/mol Rate = k [CH3CH2Br][CH3COO-] Which reaction energy profile would be the best representative of the data provided?Useful Information: sodium metam: Commercial grade sodium metam is 33% pure sodium metam by weight and has a density of 1.2 g/mL. Hydrolysis of metam (Methyl isothiocynate) + H2S Rate constants for hydrolysis for metam (base catalyzed hydrolysis is negligible) = 300 mol -1 L. sec -1 , = 1 x 10-8 sec-1 Metam also undergoes photolysis to methyl isothiocyanate with a half-life of 1.6 hrs. Data for Sacramento River discharge Q = 75,000 L/min mean depth = 0.30 m pH = 7.8 mean width = 3.2 m dispersion coefficient D = 1.6 x 102 m2/min Assuming the spill acts acts as a single point source. How long does it take for the maximum contaminant concentration to get to Lake Shasta? If Na+ acts as conservative (i.e., it is not transformed) tracer, calculate the maximum concentration (in g/L) at Lake Shasta. (Hint: remember that sodium only constitutes a…Br Brz CH3 CH3 H3C CH2CI2 H3C Br Electrophilic addition of bromine, Br2; to alkenes yields a 1,2-dibromoalkane. The reaction proceeds through a cyclic intermediate known as a bromonium ion. The reaction occurs in an anhydrous solvent such as CH,Cl). In the second step of the reaction, bromide is the nucleophile and attacks at one of the carbons of the bromonium ion to yield the product. Due to steric clashes, the bromide ion always attacks the carbon from the opposite face of the bromonium ion so that a product with anti stereochemistry is formed. Draw curved arrows to show the movement of electrons in this step of the mechanism. Arrow-pushing Instructions Br: :Br: .CH3 H3C H3C CH3 Br: