Consider the AD-AS model in the following picture. If the original level of aggregate demand is Ef, what will be the effect of an expansionary monetary policy that shifts aggregate demand from ADf to ADI? Price 6 Pf Pr Fig11a Er LRAS Yr Real GDP Ef ADr SRAS Ei ADf Yf Yi ADi a. stagflation b. inflation and unemployment c. I don't know. d. inflation, but little employment
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- How is pressure for inflationary price increases shown in an AD/AS model?Take a look again at Figure 1 (originally from the page in the text titled "Neoclassical and Keynesian Perspectives in the AD-AS Model.") Price Level Pn Pi Pk ADK AD Yk ADn Ek Keynesian zone Real GDP Ei LRAS En SRAS Neoclassical zone Intermediate zone Yi Yn Figure 1. Keynes, Neoclassical, and Intermediate Zones in the Aggregate Supply Curve. Near the equilibrium Ek, In the Keynesian zone at the far left of the SRAS curve, small shifts in AD, elther to the right or the left, will affect the output level Yk, but will not much affect the price level. In the Keyneslan zone, AD largely determines the quantity of output. Near the equilibrium En. In the neoclassical zone at the far right of the SRAS curve, small shifts in AD, elther to the right or the left, will have relatively little effect on the output level Yn, but Instead will have a greater effect on the price level. In the neoclassical zone, the near-vertical SRAS curve close to the level of potential GDP largely determines the…Illustrate each of the following situations with a graphshowing AS and AD curves, and explain what happensto the equilibrium values of the price level and aggregateoutput:a. A decrease in G with the money supply held constant bythe Fedb. A decrease in the price of oil with no change ingovernment spendingc. An increase in Z with no change in governmentspendingd. An increase in the price of oil and a decrease in G
- The imaginary country of Harris Island has theaggregate supply and aggregate demand curves as Table24.3 shows. a. Plot the AD/AS diagram. Identify theequilibrium.b. Would you expect unemployment in thiseconomy to be relatively high or low?c. Would you expect concern about inflation in thiseconomy to be relatively high or low?d. Imagine that consumers begin to lose confidenceabout the state of the economy, and so ADbecomes lower by 275 at every price level.Identify the new aggregate equilibrium.e. How will the shift in AD affect the originaloutput, price level, and employment?What causes the lags in the effect of monetary and fiscal policies on aggregatedemand? What are the implications of these lags for the debate over active versuspassive policy?There are the three reas0ns why aggregate demand is d0wnward sl0pe: real wealth effect, interest rate effect, exchange rate effect. In a case scenari0, the market saw an increase in c0nsumer spending when there is a b00m in ec0n0my. 0r the ec0n0mic crisis makes the public bit shy t0 buy 0r c0nsume any pr0duct. In the ab0ve tw0 situati0ns: the transfer payment d0es n0t make the part 0f g0vernment spending as the public will spend the m0ney given as self-security and unempl0yment. Exp0rt situati0n gets w0rse as the f0reigners are reluctant t0 buy expensive g00ds and the g0vernment will make s0me imp0rts. The b0rr0wing has bec0me easy and l0ans are issued at a cheaper rate t0 buy car. F0ll0wing the equati0n: Y = C + I + G + NX will the bel0w examples increase 0r decrease the aggregate demand in Indian? What will be the shift in p0siti0n f0r bel0w situati0ns? Widespread fear 0f recessi0n The appreciati0n in the Indian Rupee rate A b00m in the st0ck market An increase in transfer…
- There are the three reas0ns why aggregate demand is d0wnward sl0pe: real wealth effect, interest rate effect, exchange rate effect. In a case scenari0, the market saw an increase in c0nsumer spending when there is a b00m in ec0n0my. 0r the ec0n0mic crisis makes the public bit shy t0 buy 0r c0nsume any pr0duct. In the ab0ve tw0 situati0ns: the transfer payment d0es n0t make the part 0f g0vernment spending as the public will spend the m0ney given as self-security and unempl0yment. Exp0rt situati0n gets w0rse as the f0reigners are reluctant t0 buy expensive g00ds and the g0vernment will make s0me imp0rts. The b0rr0wing has bec0me easy and l0ans are issued at a cheaper rate t0 buy car. F0ll0wing the equati0n: Y = C + I + G + NX will the bel0w examples increase 0r decrease the aggregate demand in Indian? What will be the shift in p0siti0n f0r bel0w situati0ns? An increase in transfer payment A decrease in real interest rate in IndiaThere are the three reas0ns why aggregate demand is d0wnward sl0pe: real wealth effect, interest rate effect, exchange rate effect. In a case scenari0, the market saw an increase in c0nsumer spending when there is a b00m in ec0n0my. 0r the ec0n0mic crisis makes the public bit shy t0 buy 0r c0nsume any pr0duct. In the ab0ve tw0 situati0ns: the transfer payment d0es n0t make the part 0f g0vernment spending as the public will spend the m0ney given as self-security and unempl0yment. Exp0rt situati0n gets w0rse as the f0reigners are reluctant t0 buy expensive g00ds and the g0vernment will make s0me imp0rts. The b0rr0wing has bec0me easy and l0ans are issued at a cheaper rate t0 buy car. F0ll0wing the equati0n: Y = C + I + G + NX will the bel0w examples increase 0r decrease the aggregate demand in Indian? What will be the shift in p0siti0n f0r bel0w situati0ns? Widespread fear 0f recessi0n An increase in transfer payment A decrease in real interest rate in PakistanIs the way that NBER measures a recession fair and accurate? Please explain
- LRAS ADn SRAS ADi Pn Neoclassical zone ADk En Ei Intermediate zone Pk Ek Keynesian zone Yk Yi Yn Real GDP Say's Law states that supply creates its own demand. In the neoclassical zone on the graph above, supply is at its potential GDP, at full capacity. When aggregate supplies have reached their full potential output, what happens if demand shifts to the right? Select one: a. The GDP deflator shifts up and to the left. b. The aggregate supply outputs increase and LRAS shifts to the right. c. The aggregate demand prices increase as AD shifts to the right. d. The aggregate demand prices decrease as AD shifts to the right. Price LevelRefer to the diagram to the right. Suppose the economy is in a recession and the Fed pursues an expansionary monetary policy. Using the static AD- AS model, this would be depicted as a movement from OA. C to B. OB. C to D. OC. B to C. OD. A to B. OE. A to E. Price leve A LRAS B D E C Real GDP AD ₁ SRAS AD 3 AD 2In the basic New Keynesian model, suppose that there is an increase in government spending. • First, suppose that the central bank does nothing (accommodates the shock). Illustrate onthe graphs and explain what will be the effects on inflation and output? • Second, suppose that economy initially has inflation equal to the central bank’s inflationtarget and an output gap of zero. What action do you expect the central bank wouldundertake? Illustrate you answer on the graph and explain. PLEASE SHOW ALL HAND WRITTEN STEPS AND WORK!