Consider a Bertrand duopoly with homogeneous products and market demand function Q(p): = a-p. Suppose marginal costs are c₁ for firm 1 and c₂ for firm 2 with c₁ < C₂ < a and c₂ < ta Suppose that, if both firms charge the same price, all consumers buy from firm 1. Derive the entire set of pure strategy Nash equilibria, justifying your conclusions as explicitly as you can.
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- 1. Two firms (A and B) play a competition game (i.e. Cournot) in which they can choose any Qi from 0 to ¥. The firms have the same cost functions C(Qi) = 10Qi + 0.5Qi2, and thus MCi = 10 + Qi. They face a market demand curve of P = 220 – (QA + QB). Now assume firm A chooses quantity first. Firm B observes this choice and then chooses its own quantity. d)Firm A has MRA = 150 – 4QA/3. What are the equilibrium QA and QB selected in this game? e)What is the equilibrium price, and how much profit does each firm collect?Consider a market that only includes two large firms. The (inverse) market demand is P = 100 – Q. 3q2. Firm 1 has a cost function of C, = 2q1, and firm 2 has a cost function of C2 Use a Cournot model to calculate the Nash equilibrium outputs q, and q2 of the two firms. and 92 (a) Give each firm's profit as a function of (b) Compute the Nash equilibrium q, and q2.Consider a Stackelberg duopoly:There are two firms in an industry with demand Q = 1 − Pd.The “leader” chooses a quantity qL to produce. The “follower” observes qL and chooses a quantity qF.Suppose now that the cost function is Ci(qi) = qi2 for i = L, F. (a) Find the subgame perfect equilibrium. (b) Compare the equilibrium you found with the Nash equilibrium if the game was simultaneous (i.e., Cournot competition). Is the Nash equilibrium of the Cournot game also a Nash equilibrium of the sequential game? Why or why not?
- 1. Consider two firms producing hats, A and B. The demand functions are as follows: qĄ(Pa, PB) = 592 – 8pA + 4pB and qB (PA, PB) = 400 – 8pg + 4pA Firm 1 has constant marginal cost c prices, i.e. the game's joint strategy space is {(pa, PB) E R² | Pa > 0,Pp > 0}. 10 per hat and firm 2 has c2 = 7. The firms decide on 1.1. What is the nature of the relationship between the hats produced by A and the hats produced by B? [No calculations required.] 1.2. Write down payoff functions for the two firms. 1.3. Derive best-response functions for the two firms.Consider a duopolistic market with two firms, A and B, facing a market demand curve of P=100-qA –qB for the same product. Assume that the cost of production is CA=2qA for firm A and CB=4qB for firm B. Suppose that both firms make output decision simultaneously. In Nash equilibrium, the firm A should produce unit, and its profit is In Nash equilibrium, the firm B should produce unit, and its profit is .The market demand function is Q=10,000-1,000p. Each firm has a marginal cost of m=$0.28. Firm 1, the leader, acts before Firm 2, the follower. Solve for the Stackelberg-Nash equilibrium quantities, prices, and profits. Compare your solution to the Cournot-Nash equilibrium. The Stackelberg-Nash equilibrium quantities are: q1=___________ units and q2=____________units The Stackelberg-Nash equilibrium price is: p=$_____________ Profits for the firms are profit1=$_______________ and profit2=$_______________ The Cournot-Nash equilibrium quantities are: q1=______________units and q2=______________units The Cournot-Nash equilibrium price is: p=$______________ Profits for the firms are profit1=$_____________ and profit2=$_______________
- There are two firms in a market and they compete in a Nash-Cournot manner. Firm 1 faces the demand function p1(g1,92) = 200 - 91 - 92, and has a total cost function TC1 = (91)2. Firm 2 faces the demand function p2(91,92) = 160 - 92 - 91, and has a total %3D cost function TC2 = (92)2. Answer each of the following questions. a. Find the Nash-Cournot equilibrim output and price v for firm 1. b. Find the Nash-Cournot equilibrim output v and price v for firm 2.QUESTION 13 Consider a market where two firms (1 and 2) produce differentiated goods and compete in prices. The demand for firm 1 is given by D₁(P₁, P2) = 140 - 2p1 + P2 and demand for firm 2's product is D2 (P1, P2) 140 - 2p2 + P1 Both firms have a constant marginal cost of 20. What is the Nash equilibrium price of firm 1? (Only give a full number; if necessary, round to the lower integer; no dollar sign.)Consider two firms that produce the same good and competesetting quantities. The firms face a linear demand curve given by P(Q) =1 − Q, where the Q is the total quantity offered by the firms. The costfunction for each of the firms is c(qi) = cqi, where 0 < c < 1 and qiis the quantity offered by the firm i = 1, 2. Find the Nash equilibriumoutput choices of the firms, as well as the total output and the price, andcalculate the output and the welfare loss compared to the competitiveoutcome. How would the answer change if the firms compete settingprices? What can we conclude about the relationship between competitionand the number of firms?
- 1 Consider a duopoly with firm 1 and firm 2. Their cost functions are 2q₁ and cq2, respectively, where 2 < c < 10. The market demand function is p=10-Q, where Q=q₁+9₂. (a) Assume that the two firms play the Bertrand price game. Find the firms' price choices in the Bertrand equilibrium. (b) Assume that the two firms play the Cournot quantity game. Find the firms' quantity choices in the Cournot equilibrium.Three firms compete in the style of Cournot. The inverse demand is P(Q) = a - Q. Scenario 1: All three firms have the same constant marginal cost MC = c. Scenario 2: Firm 1 has MC = 0.5c, Firm 2 has MC = c, and Firm 3 has MC = 1.5c. Assume that a > 3c. Which of the following is correct? (Price means the price in Nash equilibrium.) Price in scenario 1 > Price in scenario 2 Price in scenario 2 > Price in scenario 1 Price in scenario 1 = Price in scenario 2 Any of the first three options is possible depending on the value of a Any of the first three options is possible depending on the value of a and c.Question 1: Suppose Southwest (S) and JetBlue (J) choose a number of flights, qs and qj respectively, from Chicago to New York. They both have the same constant marginal cost of 12. For Q = qs + qj, the market demand function for flights is p = 60 – 2Q (1) Suppose the airlines choose quantity simultaneously. Find the Cournot Nash Equilibrium quantities. (2) Suppose the airlines choose price simultaneously. Find the Bertrand Nash Equilibrium. (3) Suppose Southwest and JetBlue collude in the quantities they choose to obtain monopoly profits. Assuming they split the market evenly, what quantity does each firm choose? (4) Suppose Southwest and JetBlue agree in principle to the collusion in Part (4), but Southwest decides to cheat. What quantity will Southwest choose?