Choose which answers are correct Which among the following , is not an objective of unit commitment ? a . Maintain Power balance b . Minimize the operating cost c . Commit minimum number generating units d . Commit sufficient generating units
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- The statement given in which option related to transformers is wrong.A) Power transformers are used as step-down transformers in step-up consumption centers in production centers. B) Current transformers for measuring current at high voltageVoltage transformers are used to measure voltage. C) Voltage adjustment can be made with the on-load tap changing feature of power transformers. D) Transformers are of great importance in reducing power losses by increasing the power value in energy transmission. E) If there is no reactive power in energy transmission with direct current, the transformer cannot be used.B) State the main points that should be taken in to account in selection of number and sizes of the generating units.2. a) Explain the terms load factor and diversity factor. b) Discuss the advantages of interconnected grid system. c) A generating station is to supply four regions of load whose peak loads are 10 MW, 5 MW, 8 MW and 7 MW. The diversity factor at the station is 1-5 and the average annual load factor is 60%. Calculate: (i) the maximum demand on the station, (ii) annual energy supplied by the station and (iii) suggest the installed capacity and the number of units.
- A generating system contains three 20 MW generating units each with a 3% FOR and one 45 MW unit with a 6% FOR. If the peak load for a 100 day period is 75 MW, what is the LOLE and EIR for this period? Assume the appropriate load characteristic is a straight line from the 100% to the 60% points.How can we determine the unit power cost?Turbine operating efficiency is not influence to maintain the minimum cost of power generation True False
- Incremental fuel costs in dollars per megawatthour for a plant consisting of two units are given by:dC(P)/dP = 0.0080 P1 + 8.0dC(P)/dP = 0.0096 P2 + 6.4Assume that both units are operating at all times, that total load varies from 250 to 1250 MW, and that maximum and minimum loads on each unit are to be 625MW and 100MW respectively. Find the incremental fuel cost and the allocation of load between units for the minimum cost of various total loads.Write your answers in the given format below.What effects are produced by change in voltage? 1. Iron los..........varies approximately as V². 2. Cu loss..........it also varies as V² but decreases with an increase in voltage if constant kVA output is assumed. 3. Efficiency...........for distribution transformers, efficiency at fractional loads decreases with in- crease in voltage while at full load or overload it increases with increase in voltage and vice- versa. 4. Regulation..........it varies as but decreases with increase in voltage if constant kVA output is assumed. 5. Heating.........for constant kVA output, iron temperatures increase whereas Cu temperatures decrease with increase in voltages and vice-versa.In a given system of base power of 250 MW, and bus 3 is taken as reference. The per-unit reactances are X12 = 0.2 p.u., X13 = X23 = 0. 1 p.u. The power flow in the system is given as: PF12 = 50 MW, PF13 = 150 MW, PF23 = 50 MW. Based on readings from 2 meters (not including M12 meter), M13 = 145 MW (not calibrated), and M23 = 50 MW (well calibrated), deduce the flow on line 1-2. Select one: O a. PF12 = - 47.5 MW. O b. None of these O c. PF12 = 67.5 MW. O d. PF12 = 47.5 MW. O e. PF12 =- 57.5 MW. O f. PF12 = 57 MW.
- Two generating units rated 250 MW and 400 MW have governor speed regulation of 6% and 6.4% resp. from no load to full load. They are operating in parallel and share a load of 500MW. Determine the load shared by each unit. A. 190MW & 310 MW C. 220 MW & 280 MW D. 240 MW & 260 MW B. 225MW & 275 MWAssign the following statements by "Agree", or “Disagree". 1- It is better to use ferrite core instead of iron core in power transformer. 2- The no-load losses are smaller in power transformers as compared with that of the distribution transformers. 3- The core cooling in core-type transformers is better as compared with that of the shell-type. 4- The inrush current can be reduced in transformers by using hard magnetic material core. 5- The inrush current can be reduced in transformers by using soft magnetic material core. 6- The inrush current can be reduced in transformers by using hard magnetic material core with low residual magnetization. 7- The inrush current can be reduced in transformers by using soft magnetic material core with low residual magnetization. 8- Increasing the stacking factor will increase the weight of the transformer. 9- The hysteresis losses is the most effective part of iron losses in transformer. 10- The transformer design procedure is still depending on…b) Two synchronous generators, G2 and G2, are connected parallelly supplying a load. Generator G1 has a no-load frequency of 50.5 Hz and a slope of 300 MW/Hz. Generator G2 has a no-load frequency of 50.2 Hz and a slope of 500 MW/Hz. The load consumes 250 MW real power. (1) At what frequency does this system operate, and how much power is supplied by each of the two generators? (ii) An additional 100 MW load is added to this power system. What is the new system frequency, and how much power do G1 and G2 supply? (iii) The governor set point of G2 is changed to control system frequency back to 50 Hz. Determine the G2 governor set point.