CHANGES IN THE URINARY SYSTEM: give a 2-3 sentence description of the NORMAL function of the system and a 2-3 sentence description of the CHANGES associated with AGING.
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CHANGES IN THE URINARY SYSTEM:
give a 2-3 sentence description of the NORMAL function of the system and a 2-3 sentence description of the CHANGES associated with AGING.
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- Indicates the possible REASONS for different variations of urine clarity (clear, hazy, cloudy, turbid, milky)a. Identify the structures and functions of the Kidney. Explain b. List down at least 2Urinary problems. What are their causes and symptoms? Explain it.A. The kidneys perform reabsorption as one of their major functions. Describe reabsorption (which occurs in the renal tubules of nephrons) and explain its importance.
- An older client with cirrhosis of the liver and hepatic failure is place on a low sodium diet and is receiving periodic albumin infusions. Which assessment finding indicates progress toward the desired effect? Prothrombin time within normal limit Decrease abdominal grith Improved level of consciousness Clear, dark amber colored urineAssessment: X-rays (Computed Tomography (CT): Bone damage (erosions), A narrowing of a joint space. Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder (KUB): glomerulonephritis Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): tendon tears, articular cartilage damage. Urine Analysis or Urinalysis (UA) : urinary tract wall inflammation and thickening pH : 8.6 Proteinuria: elevated Glycosuria: elevated Ketonuria: N/A Bilirubinuria: N/A Specific Gravity: N/A according to above information give the Diagnosis (Dx): and Diagnosis (Dx):A. Explain the role of the juxtaglomerular apparatus in intrinsic monitoring of the filtrate, including pertinent anatomic structures.
- Sex : maleAge : 76 yearsHeight : 5 feet 4 inchesWeight : 87 kgActivity : sedentarySymptoms : viral fever and is severely dehydrated.Clinical picture Urine output : NilBlood pressure : 200/100BUN : 27 mg/dlCreatinine levels: 8.7 mg/dlDiagnosis : acute renal failureOther symptoms: unable to eat since he feels nauseated Treatment : intravenous oral fluids and undergoing dialysis 1. What will be your strategy to improve his fluid and diet intake.2. Which foods will you recommend for more consumption? 3. Which foods will you ask him to avoid?Explain association between the kidneys and high blood pressure, common signs and symptoms, and risk factorsa. Using Table 10.1, identify the diseases that result when the filtration membranes within the kidneys become damaged and are unable to restrict or regulate the movement/filtration of larger substances. b. What kinds of disorders cause damage to the filtration membrane? ABNORMAL CONDITION CAUSE COMPONENT Caused by glucose levels in the blood that exceed the renal tubule's ability to reabsorb it. It is a common sign of diabetes mellitus. Glucose Glycosuria or Glucosuria Albumin Albuminuria Caused by damage to the glomerular and resulting in the leakage of large quantities of protein, including albumin, into the filtrate. filtration mer Red blood cells Caused by damage to the glomerular filtration membrane, allowing whole cells from the blood to pass into the filtrate. Hematuria Hemoglobinuria Caused by the hemolysis of red blood cells within the bloodstream, which releases hemoglobin into plasma that crossek the glomerular filtraton membrane during Hemoglobin renal filtration. Diseases…