Can you please help with this question “Lampshells” are special shellfish animals with fossil records going back 600 million years. Little information is available about present-day populations of lampshells. While generally rare, they are abundant around parts of New Zealand, especially a particular species called “mermaid toenails”. They are seen in shallow water or washed up on beaches. Using scuba diving equipment, the researchers selected a random quadrat (2m x 2m) from a surveyed beach and scooped up all the sediment in that quadrat to a depth of 30cm. On shore, the live and dead shells were sorted. They measured the length of every “mermaid toenail” in each group: live and dead. The dead shells may be expected to be older on average and so longer. There appeared to be a difference in length, maybe due to the longevity of the shells. the data is presented in the image attached  a) Does this design use paired data or independent samples? Explain. b) Are the conditions satisfactory for a test of significance to be applied? Show your graphical evidence. c) Test if the mean length is longer for dead shells, using a significance level of 0.05. Follow all steps clearly and write a clear conclusion. d) Calculate and interpret the mean difference in lengths of the live and dead shells with 90% confidence.

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“Lampshells” are special shellfish animals with fossil records going back 600 million years. Little information is available about present-day populations of lampshells. While generally rare, they are abundant around parts of New Zealand, especially a particular species called “mermaid toenails”. They are seen in shallow water or washed up on beaches. Using scuba diving equipment, the researchers selected a random quadrat (2m x 2m) from a surveyed beach and scooped up all the sediment in that quadrat to a depth of 30cm. On shore, the live and dead shells were sorted. They measured the length of every “mermaid toenail” in each group: live and dead. The dead shells may be expected to be older on average and so longer. There appeared to be a difference in length, maybe due to the longevity of the shells.

the data is presented in the image attached 

a) Does this design use paired data or independent samples? Explain.

b) Are the conditions satisfactory for a test of significance to be applied? Show your graphical evidence.

c) Test if the mean length is longer for dead shells, using a significance level of 0.05. Follow all steps clearly and write a clear conclusion.

d) Calculate and interpret the mean difference in lengths of the live and dead shells with 90% confidence.

 

Lengths of "Mermaid's toenails"/mm
Live
Dead
22.34
18.72
17.64
16.84
20.04
22.06
25.18
10.28
13.08
21.48
6.18
13.06
16.92
19.96
18.08
5.76
15.9
12.98
4.18
19.02
15.54
20.68
6.38
13.08
21.26
21.86
21.06
9.06
23.82
15.64
24.93
16.56
16.82
21.35
23.34
19.91
23.38
18.45
24.75
16.22
12.37
18.27
10.83
19.86
22.62
24.56
21.38
24.32
22.71
20.06
17.7
20.12
22.52
25.93
19.12
19.95
20.22
13.75
20.49
21.55
Transcribed Image Text:Lengths of "Mermaid's toenails"/mm Live Dead 22.34 18.72 17.64 16.84 20.04 22.06 25.18 10.28 13.08 21.48 6.18 13.06 16.92 19.96 18.08 5.76 15.9 12.98 4.18 19.02 15.54 20.68 6.38 13.08 21.26 21.86 21.06 9.06 23.82 15.64 24.93 16.56 16.82 21.35 23.34 19.91 23.38 18.45 24.75 16.22 12.37 18.27 10.83 19.86 22.62 24.56 21.38 24.32 22.71 20.06 17.7 20.12 22.52 25.93 19.12 19.95 20.22 13.75 20.49 21.55
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